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Electron
Proton
Neutron
3 basic parts of an atom
nucleons and quarks
Super-small particles which can be found inside pieces of atoms and these subatomics particles include _________ and _________
120
There are almost ____ known elements in the periodic table
atoms
All substances are made up of
nucleus, protons and electrons
Each atom is made of a ________ which contains _______ and _______
nucleus
they are surrounded by electrons
atomic number
number of protons in an atom
ascending
The elements are arranged in the periodic table in ___________ order of atomic number
protons and electrons
they are oppositely charged
neutrons
have no charge/ neutrally charged
positively
the nucleus of an atom is ______ charged
Mass
Protons and neutrons have the same ______
neutral
An atom has a ________ overall charge
Electrons
They have such a small mass that this can be usually taken as zero
Atomic mass number
It is the total of protons plus neutrons
Isotopes
Atoms with the same element with different numbers of neutrons and hence different mass numbers are called
Elements
there are over one hundred different types of atoms, called
protons neutrons, and electrons
typical atom consists of three subatomic particles.
Bohr model
shows the three basic subatomic particles in a simple manner
nucleus
Most of an atom’s mass is in the
nucleus
a small, dense area at the center of every atom
nucleons
nucleus are composed of
Ernest Rutherford
he discovered protons in the year 1919
He concluded that protons exist in a nucleus and have a positive nuclear charge.
Atomic number or proton number
It is the number of protons present in the atom
Atomic number
It determines an element
Sir Joseph John Thomson
He discovered Electrons in 1897
Electron Cloud
Electrons are located in this, which is the area surrounding the nucleus of an atom
e-
abbreviation of electron
p/e+
abbreviation of protons
ions
Unequal amounts of protons and electrons create
electrons
It can be transferred/shared
James Chadwick
He discovered neutrons in 1932
Neutrons
Along with protons, they make up almost all of the mass of the atom
neutron number
number of neutrons is called the _________ and can be found by subtracting the proton number from the atomic mass number.
Neutrons
________ in an element determine the isotope of an atom, and often its stability.
9.109410×10-28 gram
Mass of electron
0.0005486 amu
Atomic mass unit of electron
1.673×10-24 gram
Mass of proton
1.0073 amu
Atomic mass unit of Proton / Relative mass
Proton
It is concentrated at a small portion of the atom called
1.675×10-24 gram
Mass of neutron
Atomic weight
weighted mean for the mass of a particular element
Ions
an atom, or group of atom, that has a positive/negative charge
Cation
ion with positive charge
Anion
ion with negative charge
Cation
if a neutral atom LOSES one or more electrons it becomes a ________
Anion
if a neutral atom GAINS one or more electrons it becomes a ________
Molecules
Smallest particles in a chemical element or compound that has the chemical properties of that element or compound
Molecules
made up of atoms held together by chemical bonds
Molecules
distinguished from ions by their lack of electrical charge
Homonuclear and heteronuclear molecule
Types of Molecules
Homonuclear Molecule
consists of atoms of one chemical element
Heteronuclear Molecule
consists of atoms of more than one chemical element
Covalent Bond
bond connected by purely nonmetals
Ionic Bond
bond connected by metal and nonmetal
Metallic bond
bond connected by metal and metal
Moles
molecules is derived from the latin word, ______ or small unit of mass
Covalent bond
a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms
to obtain stability
Why is bonding important?
