General Science JHS & SHS
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100 Terms
The basic unit of life is called the _
Cell
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria
Photosynthesis mainly occurs in the _
Chloroplast
The process by which plants make food using sunlight is called _
Photosynthesis
Which gas is released during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
Which system of the body is responsible for transporting blood?
Circulatory system
The largest organ in the human body is the _
Skin
Which blood cells help fight infection?
White blood cells
The organ responsible for thinking and memory is the _
Brain
Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
Iris
The structural and functional unit of the kidney is the _
Nephron
Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the _
Mouth
Which nutrient is mainly used for energy?
Carbohydrates
DNA stands for _
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Traits passed from parents to offspring are called _
Hereditary traits
Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Charles Darwin
An organism that makes its own food is called a _
Autotroph
A food chain shows the flow of _
Energy
Which level of organization comes after tissue?
Organ
Which gas is needed for cellular respiration?
Oxygen
The process of cell division for growth is called _
Mitosis
Which cell division produces sex cells?
Meiosis
An ecosystem includes both living and _ components
Non-living
Which vitamin is produced when skin is exposed to sunlight?
Vitamin D
The leaf openings responsible for gas exchange are called _
Stomata
Which part of the plant absorbs water?
Roots
The nervous system works together with the _ system to control the body
Endocrine
Which organ filters waste from the blood?
Kidney
The main function of red blood cells is to transport _
Oxygen
Which organ stores bile?
Gallbladder
The smallest blood vessels are called _
Capillaries
Which disease is caused by lack of insulin?
Diabetes
A group of the same species living together is called a _
Population
Which kingdom do mushrooms belong to?
Fungi
Which sense organ detects sound?
Ear
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies _
Space
The three common states of matter are solid, liquid, and _
Gas
The smallest unit of an element is the _
Atom
Substances made of only one type of atom are called _
Elements
The atomic number represents the number of _
Protons
Which particle has a negative charge?
Electron
A substance that cannot be broken down chemically is a(n) _
Element
Water is an example of a _
Compound
The chemical symbol for sodium is _
Na
The pH of a neutral substance is _
7
Acids have a pH _ than 7
Lower
Bases have a pH _ than 7
Higher
The process of a solid changing directly into gas is called _
Sublimation
Which gas is most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere?
Nitrogen
Rusting is an example of _ change
Chemical
Which element is needed for combustion?
Oxygen
A mixture that is evenly distributed is called a _
Homogeneous mixture
The ability of a substance to dissolve is called _
Solubility
The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor _
Destroyed
The chemical formula of carbon dioxide is _
CO₂
Heat is a form of _
Energy
A change in state is a _ change
Physical
The instrument used to measure temperature is a _
Thermometer
Which metal is liquid at room temperature?
Mercury
An increase in temperature generally causes particles to move _
Faster
The center of an atom is called the _
Nucleus
The element with atomic number 1 is _
Hydrogen
Chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of _
Atoms
Which gas is produced during respiration?
Carbon dioxide
Saltwater is an example of a _
SolutionForce is a push or a _
The SI unit of force is the _
Newton
Gravity pulls objects toward the _
Earth
Speed is distance divided by _
Time
Energy of motion is called _
Kinetic energy
Stored energy is called _
Potential energy
Light travels fastest in a _
Vacuum
Sound cannot travel through a _
Vacuum
The bending of light as it passes through different materials is called _
Refraction
Which simple machine has a wheel and axle?
Doorknob
Electricity flowing in a circuit is called _
Current
The unit of electric current is _
Ampere
Which object allows electricity to flow easily?
Conductor
Earth’s primary source of energy is the _
Sun
The layer of Earth where we live is the _
Crust
Molten rock beneath Earth’s surface is called _
Magma
An instrument used to measure earthquakes is a _
Seismograph
The movement of tectonic plates causes _
Earthquakes
Weather refers to the _ condition of the atmosphere
Short-term
Climate refers to the _ weather pattern
Long-term
The process by which water vapor becomes liquid is called _
Condensation
Rain, snow, and hail are forms of _
Precipitation
The gas responsible for the greenhouse effect is _
Carbon dioxide
The Earth revolves around the _
Sun
One complete rotation of Earth causes _
Day and night
The tilt of Earth causes _
Seasons
The largest planet in the solar system is _
Jupiter
A star produces its own _
Light
The Milky Way is a type of _
Galaxy
Fossils are preserved remains of _
Living things
Renewable energy sources can be _
Replenished
Wind energy is an example of _ energy
Renewable
The transfer of heat through direct contact is called _
Conduction
An object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by _
Force
Sir Isaac Newton is famous for his laws of _
Motion