1933 - 30; Life in Nazi Germany

What was Lebensborn?

A programme started in 1935 by Himmler which encouraged single women to breed with SS men, between 1938 and 1941 one Lebensborn home helped 540 mothers give birth

What was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage? When was it made?

1933 - encouraged women to marry and reproduce, it gave loans of up to 1,000 marks, if the family ha more than 4 kids the loan would be written off

What was the Mother's Cross?

> An award for the number of children you had
> Bronze for 4/5
> Silver for 6/7
> Gold for 8+

Hitler youth had to salute to medal holders

What were the Divorce Laws? When were they introduced?

1938 - to ensure women had children, if they didn't their husbands could divorce them

What was the Reichs mother service? When was it introduced?

1933 - teach women of their duties in domestic tasks and bringing up kids

Who was the Reichs womens leader, when was she appointed?

Gertrud Scholtz-Klink - 1934

What was the DFW?

German Women's Enterprise - coordinated all female groups under Nazi control, promoting anti-feminist ideology.

What was the sterilisation law? When was it introduced?

1933 - allowed nazis to sterilise people with mental disabilities, tramps and beggars

What was the Thousand Year Reich?

A Nazi state that would last a very long time

What and when did Hitler do with youth groups?

Banned all non-Nazi youth groups - 1933

What was the BDM?

League of German Maidens
- political rallies and oaths of allegiance
- Physical and character building

What had hitler made mandatory for German youth and when?

March 1939 - all children older than 10 had to join Nazi youth groups

What happened/laws were passed to do with teachers, when?

-April 1933 - Nazis passed a law allowing them to sack teachers they disapproved of
-All teachers had to join Nazi teachers league and swear an oath of allegiance to Hitler
-Taught Nazi salute and started lessons with heil hitler

What happened to the school curriculum?

-Race studies added; Nazi race was superior
-Amount of PE doubled, by 1939 it took up 1/6 of lesson time
-1935- all new textbooks had to be Nazi approved

What did the Hitler Youth do?

- sang political songs, read nazi songs and paraded through towns
boys = prep for military, map reading and firing rifles
girls = domestic duties
- camping and hiking expeditions
-character training (drilled, punished)

What was the RAD?

National Labour Service
- provided manual work for the unemployed
- Became compulsory in 1935 for all men, 6 months
- People didn't like that they wore uniforms, did military drill and were payed poorly

What did Hitler personally start construction on and when?

The Autobahn in September 1933
- Provided construction jobs
- By 1935, 125,000 men were employed building motorways

What did Hitler announce in 1935?

Military conscription
- by 1939 there were 1,360,000 men in the army (ToV limited it to 100,000)
- Government military spending on arms in 1933 was 3.5 billion marks, but 26 billion in 1939

What was invisible unemployment?

Women and Jews not included in unemployment figures

What was the DAF?

German Labour Front- replaced all other labour unions, helped Nazis control workers

What was Strength Through Joy (KdF)?

Set up in 1933 it was a division of the DAF aimed at making the benefits of work more enjoyable such as providing leisure activities for workers and even winning holidays

What was the Beauty of Labour (SdA)?

A division which campaigned for employers to provide better facilities like toilets, canteens
However employees expected workers to do the building themselves after work hrs with no extra pay

What was the Volkswagen scheme?

- In 1938, the DAF created the Volkswagen scheme
- This mean that workers could pay 5 marks per week and eventually get a car
- Many paid into the scheme, but no one ever received a car as the Second World War stopped production

What was the treatment of minorities like under the Nazis?

SLAVS: Anti Slavic propaganda

GYPSIES: 1933; arrested as social nuisances and sent to concentration camps and banned from traveling in groups

HOMOSEXUALS: 5,000 died in concentration camps

DISABILITIES: 1933; Nazis passed the law for the prevention of hereditary diseased offspring - disabled were sterilized
T4 Programme

What was the T4 programme?

Ordered in 1939 it said that babies with severe mental or physical disabilities should be killed by starvation or lethal overdose of drugs

What happened on the 1st April 1933?

Boycott of Jewish shops/businesses; SA painted Jew outside Jewish shops and stood outside to stop people going in

What and when were the Nuremberg Laws?

sep 1935

, deprive Jews of most of rights
-Had to wear star patches, couldnt marry Germans etc

What happened on 7th November 1938, to cause Kristallnacht?

17 year old Jew in Paris shot Ernst von Rath because he was unhappy at how German had treated his parents

What and when was Kristallnacht?

9-10th November 1938. Nazis staged various pogroms- state sanctioned, Anti-Jew riots- against the Jews of Germany. They broke many windowns on Jewish shops and homes (Kristallnacht= night of broken glass) and murdered Jews