vessel types, blood flow, capillary beds, peripheral resistance, arteries capillaries veins

what are the 5 different vessel types

elastic arteries

muscular arteries

arterioles venules

veins

which vessel does this describe:

• secondary vessel regulate blood flow by vasoconstriction and vasodilation

muscular arteries

which vessel does this describe:

• branch off of elastic arteries

muscular arteries

veins lumen size (large or small) what is the consequences of it being that size?

large, decreases blood pressure

which vessel does this describe:

• tunica media

muscular arteries

elastic arteries

arterioles

which vessel does this describe:

• include aorta

elastic arteries

which vessel does this describe:

• tunica media layer with elastin fibers

elastic arteries

which vessel does this describe:

• lead to capillary beds

arterioles

which vessel does this describe:

• thin composed of smooth muscle

arterioles

which vessel does this describe:

• primary vessel that works in vasoconstriction and vasodilation

arterioles

which vessel does this describe:

• vessels that exit capillary beds

venules

which vessel does this describe:

• empty blood into larger veins

venules

which vessel does this describe:

• thin porous walls

venules

which vessel does this describe:

• tunica media and tunica intima

veins

which vessel does this describe:

• wide lumen

veins

which vessel does this describe:

• valves prevent backflow

veins

which vessel does this describe:

• carry blood to heart

veins

where is blood pressure highest in the circulatory system?

aorta

where is blood pressure lowest in the circulatory system

vena cava

In the circulatory system, where does a steep drop in blood pressure happen ?

arterioles

what are the two characteristics of blood flow? (as in the way that the blood is flowing)

turbulent

laminar

blood flow characteristics:

• unsteady swirling flow of blood

turbulence

blood flow characteristics:

• occurs during high velocity obstruction or sharp turn in vessels

turbulence

blood flow characteristics:

• produce sound

turbulence

blood flow characteristics:

• steady streamlined flow of blood

laminar

blood flow characteristics:

• silent

laminar

blood flow characteristics:

• primarily used in circulatory system

laminar

capillary beds:

• what are they lined with?

endothelial cells

capillary beds:

• what is the purpose of this structure? what goes where?

exchange gas and solutes between blood and interstitial fluid

nutrients and oxygen enter interstital fluid

carbon dioxide and waste enter capillary blood

what undergoes simple diffusion in the capillary beds (2)

gas and lipid soluble substances

what two substances undergo facilitated diffusion in capillary beds

ions and large particles

capillary types/ structures:

• channels bewteen adjacent endothelial cells

intercellular cleft

capillary types/ structures:

• define intercellular clefts

channels between adjacent endothelial cells in capillary beds

capillary types/ structures:

• non porous epithelium

continuous capillaries

capillary types/ structures:

• most common

continuous capillaries

capillary types/ structures:

• most impermiable

continuous capillaries

capillary types/ structures:

• has pores that increase permiability

fenestrated capillaries

capillary types/ structures:

• where are fenestrated capillaries located?

kidneys and small intestine

capillary types/ structures:

• discontinuous epithelium

sinusoidal capillaries

capillary types/ structures:

• allows for the passage of large particles and blood cells

sinusoidal capillaries

capillary types/ structures:

• most permeable

sinusoidal capillaries

resistance of vessels to the flow of blood due to friction

peripheral resistance

what is peripheral resistance caused by

friction

increased resistance in blood = (increase/decrease) rate of blood flow

decrease

what are the three factors that affect peripheral resistance and what are their relationships to resistance and blood flow alike

diameter

• increase radius = decrease resistance = increase blood flow

length

• increase length = decrease resistance = increase blood flow

volume and viscosity

• increase volume and viscosity = increase resistance = decrease blood flow

(arteries capillaries and veins)

• carry blood away from heart

arteries

(arteries and veins)

• thicker walls

arteries

(arteries and veins)

• smaller lumen

arteries

(arteries and veins)

• higher pressure

arteries

(arteries capillaries and veins)

• site of gas exchange for co2 and o2

capillaries

(arteries capillaries and veins)

• tiny blood vessels

capillaries

capillaries connect what two structures

arteries and veins

(arteries and veins)

• carry blood towards heart

veins

(arteries and veins)

• thin walls

veins

(arteries and veins)

• larger lumen

veins

(arteries and veins)

• lower pressure

veins