Strategic Human Resource Management and Labor Law

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM), Human Resource Development (HRD), Philippine Labor Code provisions, employment types, leave benefits, and labor relations.

Strategic Human Resource Management

Organizes, directs, and manages the workforce to align with the organization’s mission, vision, and strategic goals, focusing on administrative tasks and legal compliance.

Recruitment

The HRM function responsible for attracting, selecting, and hiring employees by posting job openings and interviewing candidates.

Compensation and Benefits

The area of HRM that designs and administers salary structures, bonuses, insurance plans, and retirement options to attract and retain employees.

Performance Management

A continuous process of planning, monitoring, assessing, and improving employee performance to ensure outputs contribute to company objectives.

Employee Relations

The management of relationships between employees and employers to create a positive, productive, and respectful workplace environment.

Workplace Safety and Health

Policies and procedures designed to protect the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of employees and prevent work-related accidents or stress.

Human Resource Planning

Forecasting an organization's future HR needs by analyzing current workforce capabilities and predicting future requirements.

Human Resource Development (HRD)

A specialized function of HRM focused on developing employee KSAO through continuous learning to enhance individual and organizational performance.

Training and Development

The HRD area that designs programs like workshops on time management or software training to improve skills for current or future roles.

Succession Planning

A proactive process of identifying and preparing employees to fill key leadership or critical roles to ensure continuity during departures.

Organizational Development

A planned, systematic effort to improve an organization’s effectiveness, adaptability, and overall health.

Team Dynamics

The behavioral and psychological processes influencing how team members interact, communicate, and collaborate to achieve goals.

I/O Psychology

The scientific study of human behavior in the workplace, focusing on research-based solutions for motivation, job satisfaction, and productivity.

Constitutional Basis

Foundational legal principles and worker rights, such as Right to Security of Tenure and Right to a Living Wage, derived from the Philippine Constitution.

Presidential Decree No. 442

The Labor Code of the Philippines (1974), which provides detailed rules for employment practices, wages, benefits, and labor relations.

Control Test

The most significant test for an employer-employee relationship, determining if the employer exercises control over the means and methods of work.

Labor Only Contracting

A prohibited practice where an employer hires a contractor without substantial capital to perform work that is an important part of the business.

Regular Employment

Employment where the employee performs tasks necessary or desirable to the employer’s usual business, governed by Article 280 of the Labor Code.

Probationary Employment

A trial period for an employee, lasting a maximum of $6$ months, to determine suitability for the job.

Normal Work Hours

A maximum of $8$ hours per day and a total of $40$ to $48$ hours per week, according to Article 83 of the Labor Code.

Night Shift Differential

An additional $10\%$ of the regular hourly wage for work rendered between $10:00\,\text{PM}$ and $6:00\,\text{AM}$, as per Article 86.

Service Incentive Leave (SIL)

Five ($5$) paid leave days annually for employees who have rendered at least $1$ year of service, governed by Article 95 of the Labor Code.

Republic Act No. 11210

The Expanded Maternity Leave Law of 2019, providing $105$ days of paid leave for live childbirth, with an additional $15$ days for solo parents.

Republic Act No. 8187

The Paternity Leave Act of 1996, granting seven ($7$) working days of full pay to married male employees for their wife's first four deliveries.

Republic Act No. 8972

The Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000, providing seven ($7$) working days of paid leave annually to registered solo parents with $1$ year of service.

Special Leave for Women

Up to $2$ months ($60$ days) of paid leave for female employees undergoing gynecological surgery, provided by Republic Act No. 9710.

Republic Act No. 6727

The Wage Rationalization Act, which establishes region-specific minimum wages set by Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Boards (RTWPBs).

13th Month Pay

A mandatory benefit for all rank-and-file employees paid on or before December 24, governed by Presidential Decree No. 851.

Regular Holiday Pay

Entitlement to $100\%$ of the daily wage if not working, and $200\%$ if working, for any regular holiday.

Just Causes

Grounds for termination due to employee wrongful acts, such as Serious Misconduct or Gross Neglect, under Article 297; generally carries no separation pay.

Authorized Causes

Legitimate business or health reasons for termination, such as Redundancy or Retrenchment, under Articles 298-299; generally requires separation pay.

Twin-Notice Rule

The due process requirement for Just Causes involving a First Notice (Notice to Explain) and a Second Notice (Notice of Decision).

Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA)

A legally binding contract between management and a union valid for up to $5$ years regarding economic provisions.

Strike

A temporary stoppage of work by employees as a form of protest over labor disputes or unfair labor practices.

NLRC

The National Labor Relations Commission, which resolves labor disputes, illegal dismissal cases, and conducts compulsory arbitration.

Department of Migrant Workers (DMW)

The agency that protects the welfare of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) and took over functions of the POEA.