Thẻ ghi nhớ: Computing Grade 6 - Computer systems | Quizlet

Artificial intelligence

A program that can learn from data and experiences, letting it mimic the way humans think and make decisions. e.g. understanding speech.

Automate

Working (alone) without human help. e.g. an air conditioning device uses a temperature sensor to decide when to turn on.

Systems software

Software that manages and oversees (looks after) the computer system (both the hardware and software), e.g. the operating system, antivirus, system settings.

Operating system

A type of systems software that manages the hardware and software resources on a device.

User interface

The way that users and computer systems communicate.

Hardware

Parts of a computer that you can touch; the physical components of a device. Hardware lets you input and output data, save and read data from storage devices and process or manipulate data.

Applications software

Software used for general tasks such as work and entertainment.

Search engine

A website designed to search for content on other websites.

Image recognition

Software that can identify (spot) similarities in lines, colours, textures and shapes of an image, which is used to tell what an object in an image is.

Sensor

A device that is able to gather data from its surroundings to respond to or record.

Proximity

A measure of how close two objects are to each other.

Digital camera

A camera that captures photographs and stores them in the form of digital data.

Analogue camera

A camera that used photographic film to take pictures.

Binary

A number system that uses combinations of two digits (0 and 1) to represent all numbers; used to represent data in computer systems.

Binary digit

1 or 0.

Bit

Short for 'binary digit'; a single bit of data, either a 0 or a 1.

Bitmap graphic

Digital image produced using a grid of pixels.

Pixel

Short for 'picture element'. The smallest unit of a digital image or of a computer screen.

PPI

'Pixels per inch'; the number of pixels in a square inch of screen.

Resolution

The total number of pixels on a screen.

Vector graphic

Digital image made from a series of objects placed on a computer screen.

Data type

A particular way in which a computer can store data.

Character

One unit of text: a letter, number or symbol

Processor

A part of a computer that performs calculations and carries out instructions.

Logic gate

A physical device or circuit that processes one or more input signals to produce a single output signal.

Boolean logic

A form of algebra where all values are reduced to either true or false.

AND gate

A logic gate that accepts two inputs and will output a 1 (or TRUE) value only if both inputs are a 1.

OR gate

A logic gate that accepts two inputs and will output a 1 (or TRUE) value when either of the inputs is a 1.

NOT gate

A logic gate that accepts only one input; the output will always be the opposite of the input.

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