WC S2 Final; Buddhism

Buddha

founder of Buddhism, the “Awakened One”

Middle Way

living in the middle between indulgence and ascenticism

Asceticism

practice of self denial

Mantras

resonating chants repeated during meditation

Mudras

choreographed movements, hand movements, and specific theme or focus

Mandalas

patterned icons that visually stimulate

Dharma

living in according to Buddha’s teaching

What are the three Marks of Existence?

Anicca - impermanence

Dukkha - suffering

Anatta - no self/soul

Siddhartha Gautama

The Buddha, a wandering ascetic and created the middle way

Sangha

buddhist monastic communities

Nirvana

refers to liberation from samsara, spiritual goal for all Buddhists

What is the Noble Eightfold path and what does it include?

The path of practice in Buddhism aimed at ending suffering

1. Right Understadning: seeing things as they are, including the cause and effect of suffering

2. Right Thought: getting rid of wrong thought; hatred and desire

3. Right Speech: eliminating lying, slandering, gossiping, and using harsh words

4. Right Conduct: one must not cheat, steal, murder, or engage in sexual misconduct

5. Right Livelihood: not earning a living through forms that hurt others; selling drugs

6. Right Effort: cultivating good thoughts

7. Right Mindfulness: monitoring what one thinks and does, like dispelling illusions

8. Right Concetration: meditation

What are the four passing sights?

1. Old man

2. Sick man

3. corpse

4. ascetic

What is the story of Buddhas Birth?

Buddha walked 7 steps after being born, mother had a dream about a white elephant entering her side before Buddha was born

Four Noble Truths

1. Truth of suffering

2. Truth of the origin of suffering

3. Truth of the end of suffering

4. Truth of the path of the end of suffering

What are the three sects of Buddhism and how are they distinct? Where are they most prominent?

1. Theravada (Way of the Elders) - monastic life, (Cambodia and Thailand)

2. Mahayana (Great Vehicle) - Buddha as savior (Japan, China, and Korea)

3. Vajrayana (Diamond Vehicle) - Mandalas, Mudras, Mantras (Tibet)