9.2: Intro to Glycolysis

glycolysis

10 oxidation reactions of glucose that yield two pyruvate molecules.

where

takes place in cytosol outside of mitochondria

what happens

covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms in glucose are oxidised releasing some of the stored energy

products

2x pyruvate 2x ATP 2x NADH

NADH

is an electron carrier that stores energy used in cellular respiration.

2 stages

initial energy-investing reactions that consume ATP (2 per glucose) (first half of steps) and energy-releasing reactions that produce ATP and NADH (second half of steps). All steps catalysed by specific enzymes

main regulation of glycolysis

By the enzyme phosphofructokinase during step 3 - ATP acts as inhibitor and if have too much the ATP will slow down glycolysis = following steps slow down

pyruvate oxidation

is the process by which pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA, producing NADH and releasing carbon dioxide. This links glycolysis to the Krebs cycle.