Physics Exam Review: Forces, Friction, and Circular Motion

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and principles from the physics lecture notes related to forces, friction, and circular motion.

Centripetal Force

A resultant force acting towards the center of a circle, causing an object to move in circular motion.

Static Friction (F_s)

The force acting against the movement of an object at rest.

Kinetic Friction (F_k)

The force acting against the movement of an object that is already in motion.

Newton’s 3rd Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Normal Force (F_N)

The component of the contact force exerted by a surface that supports the weight of an object resting on it.

Circular Motion

The motion of an object traveling along a circular path, requiring a centripetal force.

Coefficient of Static Friction (μ_s)

A dimensionless number representing the ratio of the maximum static friction force to the normal force.

Coefficient of Kinetic Friction (μ_k)

A dimensionless number representing the ratio of kinetic friction force to the normal force.

Resultant Force

The vector sum of all forces acting on an object.

Inclined Plane

A flat surface tilted at an angle to the horizontal, affecting the forces acting on objects resting upon it.

Centripetal Acceleration (a_c)

Acceleration directed towards the center of a circular path, calculated as a_c = v^2/r.

Gravity (F_g)

The force that attracts two bodies towards each other, commonly noted as the weight of an object.

Tension (T)

The force transferred through a string, rope, or cable when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends.

Frictional Force

The force that opposes the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, or material elements sliding against each other.

Mechanical Advantage

A measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device, or machine system.