ENSP 2000 Exam 3

Which of the following is considered to be the safest drinking water source?

A. a lake

B. the ocean

C. the groundwater

D. a river

E. melted snow

C. groundwater

Once a groundwater supply is contaminated with marine water, how long will it remain contaminated?

A. Forever.

B. Such water is not considered contaminated.

C. It depends on the amount of precipitation in the area.

D. It depends on the concentration of the salt.

E. It depends on the location.

A. Forever

What are the two types of aquifers?

A. Thick and thin

B. Shallow and deep

C. Renewable and nonrenewable

D. Confined and unconfined

E. Tapped and untapped

D. Confined and unconfined

What percentage of Earth's surface is covered with water?

A. 70%

B. 56%

C. 80%

D. 23%

E. 42%

A. 70%

A watershed is ________.

A. the water held in the in the atmosphere prior to returning to Earth in the form of rainfall

B. an inland basin that connects to another inland basin

C. the area of land from which rainfall drains into rivers or lakes

D. a river that drains into the sea

E. a term used to describe water stored underground

C. the area of land from which rainfall drains into rivers or lakes

A hydrologic cycle is driven by ______.

A. water

B. gravity and solar energy

C. water and solar energy

D. gravity

E. solar energy

B. gravity and solar energy

A specific example of nonconsumptive use of water is ________.

A. commercial forestry

B. industrial cooling processes

C. agriculture

D. cattle grazing operations on federal lands

E. disposal of sewage wastewater

E. disposal of sewage wastewater

Lake Chad lost over 90% of its water content in the period from 1963 to 2007. This loss is attributed primarily to __________.

A. increased water demands to satisfy the increasing number of people in the region

B. increased evaporation due to an increase in temperature

C. global warming

D. deforestation

A. increased water demands to satisfy the increasing number of people in the region

Building a dam on the Mississippi River to generate electricity is an example of __________.

A. A nonconsumptive use of water in an open watershed

B. A consumptive use of water in a closed watershed

C. A consumptive use of water in an open watershed

D. A nonconsumptive use of water in a closed watershed

A. A nonconsumptive use of water in an open watershed

1When streams feeding a large, closed basin lake are greatly reduced, we expect that __________.

A. Saltwater intrusion will occur

B. The lake will remain stable because of rainwater inputs

C. The salinity of the lake will increase

D. The lake will become larger and deeper

C. The salinity of the lake will increase

The majority of Earth's potable fresh water is found in __________.

A. streams

B .groundwater

C. glaciers

D. the oceans

B. groundwater

A confined aquifer is groundwater located _______.

A. Below the water table between layers of comparatively impermeable rock or sediment

B. Below the water table and beneath recharge zones

C. Above the water table and beneath recharge zones

D. Above the water table between layers of comparatively impermeable rock or sediment

A. Below the water table between layers of comparatively impermeable rock or sediment

In Florida, almost all drinking water comes from aquifers. Saltwater contamination of these aquifers is more likely when __________.

A. rainfall is highest

B. pumping rates from the aquifer exceed recharge rates

C. pumping rates from the aquifer decline

D. pumping rates from the aquifer are less than recharge rates

B. pumping rates from the aquifer exceed recharge rates

As impervious surfaces increase and deforestation increases, _______.

A. both runoff and infiltration will increase

B. flooding frequency increases

C. infiltration increases

D. runoff decreases

B. flooding frequency increases

Which of the following can result from excessive withdrawal of groundwater?

A. A devastated fishing industry and reduced biodiversity

B. Reduced flood plains and increased desertification

C. Reduction in the number of wetlands and in biodiversity

D. Subsidence and saltwater intrusion

D. Subsidence and saltwater intrusion

Which of the following represents non-point source pollution?

A. Water in the Mississippi River contains high levels of nitrogen from fertilizers added to fields in Illinois and Iowa

B. Waste from a pig farm pollutes a nearby stream

C. During heavy rains, untreated sewage spills from a treatment plant directly into a nearby river

D. Attendants at a service station dump used oil into a nearby stream

A. Water in the Mississippi River contains high levels of nitrogen from fertilizers added to fields in Illinois and Iowa

What is the main reason that the oceans are becoming more acidic?

A. Large crude oil spills in the oceans

B. Absorption by the oceans of carbon dioxide generated by burning fossil fuels

C. Fertilizer runoff in major rivers flowing into the oceans

D. The dumping of garbage and sewage into the oceans

B. Absorption by the oceans of carbon dioxide generated by burning fossil fuels

What is the chemical reaction responsible for the oceans becoming more acidic?

A. Carbon dioxide reacts with seawater, forming sulfuric acid

B. Methane reacts with seawater, forming carbon dioxide

C. Carbon dioxide reacts with seawater, forming nitric acid

D. Carbon dioxide reacts with seawater, forming carbonic acid

D. Carbon dioxide reacts with seawater, forming carbonic acid

Dead zones in the ocean result from ________.

A. Non-point source pollution leading to very low oxygen environments typically located where rivers flow into the ocean

B. Point-source pollution, leading to high oxygen and low nutrient environments where rivers flow into the ocean

C. Point-source pollution, leading to low oxygen and high nutrient upwelling of deep ocean waters

D. Non-point source pollution, leading to very high oxygen environments typically located in the deep pelagic zones of the ocean

A. Non-point source pollution leading to very low oxygen environments typically located where rivers flow into the ocean

Which of the following methods has the highest irrigation efficiency?

A. Surge irrigation

B. Drip irrigation

C. Aerial sprinkler systems

D. Low-energy precision application sprinklers

E. Flooding fields

B. Drip irrigation

The most efficient irrigation system currently in use is ______.

A. Drip irrigation

B. An aerial sprinkler system

C. Flooding fields

D. Surge irrigation

A. Drip irrigation

The two main methods use to desalinate water are _______.

A. Distillation and reverse osmosis

B. Diffusion and osmosis

C. Mitosis and meiosis

D. Condensation and irrigation

A. Distillation and reverse osmosis

Where in this household septic system are the dissolved organic chemicals broken down by microbes?

A. Septic tank

B. Distribution box

C. Drain field

D. Gravel or crushed stone field

E. Leach field

E. Leach field

1Conservation measures addressing water wasted by inefficiency and negligence are becoming more important as water gets scarcer and more expensive. Which of the following strategies provide the greatest savings?

A. strategies involving the installation and the upgrading of water meters

B. strategies addressing lawn and landscape irrigation

C. strategies that address the use of low-flow plumbing devices

D. strategies that repair leaks in the distribution pipes

B. strategies addressing lawn and landscape irrigation

Both municipal and on-site (septic) treatment plants ______.

A. are primary treatment tanks

B. use leach fields to disperse the treated water

C. use wetlands to purify wastewater

D. rely on microorganisms to digest the solid wastes or sludge

D. rely on microorganisms to digest the solid wastes or sludge

The use of low-flow showerheads and smaller toilet reservoirs are examples of technology improving __________.

A. water efficiency

B. water loss in the house

C. water leaks in the house

D. water conservation

A. Water efficiency

1When considering using graywater, you might use the water for ________.

A. flushing toilets

B. taking baths

C. filling swimming pools

D. washing hands

E. washing clothes

A. flushing toilets

Many pollutants from coal-fired power plants are properly managed today. Which of the following is currently considered to be the biggest threat to the environment?

A. Methane gas

B. Oxygen

C. Nitrous oxide

D. Sulfur dioxide

E. Carbon dioxide

E. Carbon dioxide

All fossil fuels, including coal, are considered an indirect form of ____________ energy.

A. Renewable

B. Nuclear

C. Geothermal

D. Wind

E. Solar

E. Solar

Where is electricity made at a coal-fired power plant?

A. boiler

B. control room

C. silo

D. generator

E. cooling tower

D. generator

What color smoke coming from a coal-fired power plant would indicate wasted fuel?

A. green

B. black

C. clear

D. red

E. white

B. Black

If there are 1.2 trillion barrels of oil reserves known in the world, and we are consuming 30 billion barrels a year, we could estimate that we have about 40 years' worth of oil still in the ground. This calculation represents ________.

A. The energy return on investment (EROI)

B. The reserves to production ratio

C. The proven reserves

D. Energy conversion efficiency

B. The reserves to production ratio

In the United States, the energy end use sector that uses the greatest amount of coal is ________.

A. transportation

B. industry

C. electricity

D. residential

C. Electricity

In general, the 50 richest countries in the world today consume ________.

A. less energy per person than in developing countries in Africa and Asia

B. most of the primary energy in the form of fossil fuels

C. mostly renewable energy resources

D. most of the biomass energy in the world

B. most of the primary energy in the form of fossil fuels

In general, the 50 richest countries in the world today consume ________.

A. Using a windmill to pump water out of the ground

B. Using coal to generate electricity which is used to heat a home

C. Using the energy of falling water to turn a mill, which grinds corn into corn meal

D. Heating a cabin in the winter using coal

D. Heating a cabin in the winter using coal

Most coal in the world is used to ________.

A. Produce natural gas

B. Industrial end uses, such as steel production

C. Heat homes

D. Generate electricity

D. Generate electricity

Most oil in the world today is used to

A. heat homes and offices

B. produce solvents, fertilizers, pesticidesm and plastics

C. Fuels and trucks

. Produce aviation fuel

C. Fuels and trucks

The greatest proven oil reserves in the world are found in ________.

A. South America

B. Russia

C. The Middle East

D. United States

C. The Middle East

Natural gas is increasingly transported ________.

A. in liquid form between continents

B. in gas form over short distances because it is typically consumed where it is produced

C. in gas form in long pipes extending across oceans, because the greatest demand is often in continents with the least supply

D. as a solid, frozen into blocks that can be easily transported on trains and used in power plants

A. in liquid form between continents

Interest in power plants is increasing because ________.

A. nuclear power relies on fusion, a process that does not involve radioactivity

B. of increasing costs of other forms of alternative energy and concerns about global warming

C. nuclear power plants remove carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from the air

nuclear power plants are cheaper to build than those that burn coal

B. of increasing costs of other forms of alternative energy and concerns about global warming

Most electricity is generated by using ________.

A. Secondary energy sources to heat water and produce pressurized steam, which turns the turbines of an electric generator

B. Primary energy sources to heat water and produce pressurized steam, which turns the turbines of an electric generator

C. Transformers to generate electrical current

D. Primary energy sources to promote chemical reactions that generate electricity

B. Primary energy sources to heat water and produce pressurized steam, which turns the turbines of an electric generator

Which of the following are current environmental impacts related to the widespread generation and use of electricity in modern societies?

A. Electricity from transformers and batteries are significant sources of water and soil pollution.

B. Copper from transformers and electrons from batteries are significant sources of water and soil pollution

C. PCBs from transformers and cadmium from batteries are significant sources of water and soil pollution

D. Nitrogen gas from transformers and copper from batteries are significant sources of water and soil pollution

C. PCBs from transformers and cadmium from batteries are significant sources of water and soil pollution

Which of the following is an advantage to using wind powered electrical generators? Wind powered electrical generators ________.

A. produce a form of electricity that is more easily stored in batteries

B. use a renewable energy resource

C. are usually centrally located and nicely positioned within the electrical grid

D. produce a steady rate of electricity

B. use a renewable energy resource

A rancher in Texas drills for water on her property and in the process, hits oil which squirts strongly from the ground. Within days a system is installed to capture the oil as it shoots up from the ground. This system of collecting oil represents ________.

A. Secondary oil recovery

B. Tertiary oil recovery

C. Hydraulic fracturing

D. Primary oil recovery

D. Primary oil recovery

The problem of the disposal of high-level radioactive wastes from nuclear power plants could be addressed in part by fuel recycling. Why isn't fuel recycling of nuclear waste a widespread practice where nuclear power is used? Fuel recycling _______.

A. Is very explosive process that is still not controlled or safely managed

B. Required a large and expensive input of energy that does not make the process cost-effective

C. Releases a large amount of carbon dioxide, contributing to global warming

D. Produces plutonium, which can be made into nuclear bombs

D. Produces plutonium, which can be made into nuclear bombs

Electric current is measured in ________.

A. Kilowatt hours and electrical potential are measured in volts

B. Volts and electrical potential are measured in kilowatt hours

C. Volts and electrical potential are measured in amperes

D. Amperes and electrical potential are measured in volts

D. Amperes and electrical potential are measured in volts

Which of the following is an environmental impact directly associated with using coal-fired plants to generate electricity?

A. Electromagnetic fields impacting human health

B. Use of chemical coolants to treat electrical wiring in transformers

C. Twice the amount of greenhouse gas emissions than for using natural gas

D. Discarded batteries, whether rechargeable or not

C. Twice the amount of greenhouse gas emissions than for using natural gas

The citizens of a small city need to replace their coal-fired power plant. To limit their contributions to global warming, they decide to build a new power plant using the latest technologies and an abundant fossil fuel that contributes the least to global warming. Their new plant will therefore use __________ for fuel.

A. Nuclear material

B. Oil

C. Coal

D. Natural gas

D. Natural gas

Which of the following is of least concern in the continued reliance upon coal to generate electricity in the world?

A. the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

B. the continued availability of coal

C. the release of mercury to the environment

D. the release of nitrogen and sulfur oxides

B. the continued availability of coal

The use of natural gas to generate electricity is increasing because _______.

A. The global supply of coal will only last about another 10 years

B. The methane in natural gas does not contribute to global warming

C. Natural gas is more efficient than coal and releases fewer pollutants

D. Burning natural gas reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

C. Natural gas is more efficient than coal and releases fewer pollutants

The ultimate source of energy that drives wind power is __________.

The sun

A typical wind farm in the United States consists of __________.

many very large wind turbines clustered in a region with a low human population

Electricity in a wind turbine is generated __________.

when spinning magnets move past a coil of copper wire

Producing electricity using wind instead of fossil fuels __________

generates no carbon dioxide in the process

Which of the following is a type of nonrenewable energy?

A. Nuclear energy

B. Geothermal

C. The energy of falling water

D. Wind

A. Nuclear energy

Which of the following is a primary challenge of using many renewable energy resources?

A. They are diffuse and intermittent

B. There are currently non cost-effective ways to use renewable energy supplies

C. There is not enough energy in solar or wind to meet the needs of the global population of people

D. Most renewable energy resources are found only on a few of the Earth's continents

A. They are diffuse and intermittent

An impoundment hydroelectric plant uses water flowing ________.

A. from a reservoir to generate friction that produces heat used to make steam that turns a generator, to make electricity

B. from a reservoir to spin a turbine and generate electricity

C. down a diversion of a river to generate friction that produces heat used to make steam that turns a generator to make electricity

D. down a diversion of a river to compress a gas and generate heat used to make steam that turns a generator, to make electricity

B. from a reservoir to spin a turbine and generate electricity

Which of the following are two of the most important factors in determining where wind farms should be located?

A. Wind direction and temperatures of the region

B. Wind consistency and wind speed

C. Wind consistency and wind direction

D. Wind direction and wind speed

B. Wind consistency and wind speed

One disadvantage of wind farms is ________.

A. The generation of ozone and acid rain from the wind turbine generators

B. The wildly fluctuating cost of producing electricity using wind turbines

C. The death of bats and birds from collisions with turbine towers and blades

D. Their cost, currently limiting the production of new wind farms in the U.S.

C. The death of bats and birds from collisions with turbine towers and blades

Which one of the following sources of renewable energy does not use a turbine to generate electricity?

A. Solar photovoltaic cells

B. Wind power

C. Geothermal power plants

D. Hydropower

A. Solar photovoltaic cells

Globally, the most widely used biofuel is _______.

A. Ethanol, produced primarily by fermenting sugars and starches from corn and sugar cane

B. Wood, charcoal, and animal dung

C. Cellulosic ethanol, produced using switchgrass and straw from wheat, oats, and barley

D. Natural gas, found abundantly in deposits near other fossil fuels

A. Ethanol, produced primarily by fermenting sugars and starches from corn and sugar cane

Bioenergy is considered to be a _____.

A. Renewable resource because heat is released when biomass is burned

B. Nonrenewable resource because it releases tremendous amounts of heat when burned

C. Renewable resource because once plants are harvested they can be grown again

D. Nonrenewable resource because it releases tremendous amounts of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere

C. Renewable resource because once plants are harvested they can be grown again

One of the major disadvantages of using tidal energy systems is _________.

A. That they disrupt the ecosystems of the bottoms of the lakes where tidal energy systems are installed

B. These systems generate large amounts of greenhouse gases

C. That these systems cause habitat disruption in regions with highly production marine estuaries

D. That these forms of energy are not renewable

C. That these systems cause habitat disruption in regions with highly production marine estuaries

Which one of the following sources of renewable energy is derived from the moon and the sun?

A. Tidal

B. Hydropower

C. Wind

D. Geothermal

A. Tidal

The best way to reduce our reliance upon fossil fuels and address our energy needs in the future is to ________.

A. Switch to compact fluorescent light bulbs

B. Improve mileage standards in automobiles

C. Generate most electricity using wind turbines

D. Use all of the above strategies and additional energy saving innovations

D. Use all of the above strategies and additional energy saving innovations

In the United States, a state government might adopt renewable portfolio standards to promote which of the following sources of energy?

A. New methods to extract natural gas from shale deposits

B. A new field of wind turbines off the coast of North Carolina

C. A pipeline to transport oil extracted in Canada to refineries in Texas

D. Construction of a new coal-burning power plant that uses scrubber technology

B. A new field of wind turbines off the coast of North Carolina

Renewable primary energy sources include all of the following except ________.

A. Wind

B. Sunlight

C. Ocean tides

D. Biomass

E. Natural gas

E. Natural gas

In order to make use of most renewable energy resources, we must ________.

A. Convert the concentrated nature of these natural resources to more usable forms

B. Capture and convert these diffuse energy sources into more concentrated forms

C. Further explore the tropical rainforests for natural products that will aid in these new technologies

D. Persuade government officials of their abundance

E. Solve the negative environmental impacts of these renewable energy resources

B. Capture and convert these diffuse energy sources into more concentrated forms

Photovoltaic (PV) technology is best described as ________.

A. Passive solar technology

B. Using sun's energy to warm a room without mechanical devices

C. Using mirrors to concentrate sunlight, in order to heat water and produce steam for electricity generation

D. Using sunlight to generate electricity

E. Trapping sun's heat and storing it for many varied uses

D. Using sunlight to generate electricity

What region of the United States is best suited for producing wind used for energy?

A. Southwest

B. Southeast Mountains

C. Northwest

D. Northeast

E. Western Mountains

E. Western Mountains

One limitation of wind power is that it ______.

A. Involves mining

B. Is intermittent

C. Uses fossil fuels to generate electricity

D. Produces radioactive wastes

E. Produces water pollution

B. Is intermittent

Energy efficiency is ________.

A. the process of using less energy to obtain goods and services

B. the amount of energy used per dollar of economic output

C. a measurement of overall energy use

D. reducing energy wastes

E. increasing demand but decreasing accessibility of various energy sources

A. the process of using less energy to obtain goods and services

The Aral Sea is shrinking due to _______.

A. saltwater intrusion

B. overdrawing the aquifer it is located upon

C. a large number of dams

D. subsidence

E. diversion of the rivers that flow into it

E. diversion of the rivers that flow into it

W1. hich of the following is an example of a non-point source of pollution?

A. Industrial facilities

B. Water released from a paint manufacturer

C. Fertilizer-enriched runoff

D. Municipal sewage treatment plant

E. Nuclear power plants

C. Fertilizer-enriched runoff

An important characteristic of aquatic dead zones is a ________.

A. Low centration of keystone species

B. High concentration of urban development

C. Low concentration of oxygen

D. High concentration of organisms resulting in extreme competition and finally the death of most

E. Low concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients

C. Low concentration of oxygen

Bioassessment uses ______ to determine water quality.

A. Living organisms

B. Dissolved oxygen

C. Turbidity

D. Conductivity

E. pH

A. Living organisms

1Eutrophication is caused by ________.

A. Low dissolved oxygen

B. High levels of phosphorus

C. Low pH

D. Mercury

E. High turbidity

B. High levels of phosphorus

The majority of Earth's fresh water exists ________.

A. in the form of ice

B. in groundwater

C. in freshwater lakes, streams, and rivers

D. in the oceans

E. in the atmosphere

A. in the form of ice

The water balance coefficient is a general index of the availability of water in a particular region. It is calculated by ________.

A. adding all freshwater sources and subtracting urban water use

B. adding all freshwater sources in a particular region

C. subtracting evapotranspiration from surface freshwater supplies

D. subtracting potential evaporation from rainfall

E. adding rainfall and all groundwater sources

D. subtracting potential evaporation from rainfall

Dams provide an important source of _______.

A. Electricity

B. Non-renewable energy

C. Stabilization for migrating fish to reproduce

D. Water flowing into lakes

E. Renewable energy

E. Renewable energy

A portion of a river that has experienced channelization will typically have _______.

A. slower water movement and an increase in riparian vegetation

B. faster water movement and an increase in riparian vegetation

C. faster water movement and a decrease in riparian vegetation

D. slow water movement and a decrease in riparian vegetation

C. faster water movement and a decrease in riparian vegetation

The specific aquifer on which most of the U.S. Midwestern agriculture depends is known as _______.

A. the Trans Dakota-Texas aquifer

B. the Colorado water project

C. the Illinois aquifer

D. the Artesian Aqueduct project

E. the Ogallala aquifer

E. the Ogallala aquifer

Which of the following human activities has been most problematic for wetlands around the world?

A. Eutrophication caused by humans dumping pollutants into water

B. The alteration of ocean current circulation resulting in erosion of wetlands

C. Addition of mercury pollutants from electric power plants

D. The draining and alteration of wetlands for agriculture and urban development

E. Boat traffic that cause excess oil and gas to be dumped in waterways

D. The draining and alteration of wetlands for agriculture and urban development

Estuaries are some of the most productive ecosystems on Earth because of their ______.

A. Abundant light but low levels of nutrients

B. Abundant light and high levels of nutrients

C. Low levels of light and low levels of nutrients

D. Low levels of light but high levels of nutrients

B. Abundant light and high levels of nutrients

As cities in the United States grow, they are finding that increased water demands are best addressed by _______.

A. Drilling more wells

B. Building desalination plants

C. Conservation measures

D. Building more reservoirs

C. Conservation measures

Which Act requires the EPA to regulate the discharge of pollutants into waterways?

A. Water Pollution Control Act

B. Safe Drinking Water Act

C. Clear Drinking Water Act

D. Oil Pollution Control Act

E. Clean Water Act

E. Clean Water Act

Proven reserves of a non-renewable energy source are ________.

A. Refined and captured but not able to be reused

B. The extent of known energy reserves

C. Quantities of field that can be recovered using current technology and prices

D. Measures of useful energy produced

E. Reserves that will be exhausted due to overuse by humans

C. Quantities of field that can be recovered using current technology and prices

The most abundant fossil fuel extracted in the U.S. is _______.

A. Wood

B. Nuclear power

C. Natural gas

D. Coal

E. Crude oil

D. Coal

Fossil fuels are best described as a(n) ______ energy source.

A. Clean

B. Efficient

C. Renewable

D. Nonrenewable

E. Environmentally friendly

D. Nonrenewable

Which one of the following represents the use of a nonrenewable primary energy source?

A. Using a windmill to pump water out of the ground

B. Using the energy of falling water to turn a mill, which grinds corn into corn meal

C. Using coal to generate electricity, which is used to heat a home

D. Heating a cabin in the winter using coal

D. Heating a cabin in the winter using coal

As modern societies have developed from prehistoric conditions, we have seen a switch from ________.

A. primary renewable energy to secondary renewable energy

B. primary nonrenewable energy to secondary renewable energy

C. secondary renewable energy to primary nonrenewable energy

D. secondary nonrenewable energy to primary renewable energy

A. primary renewable energy to secondary renewable energy

Mine tailings contain _____, which harms fish and other aquatic organisms.

A. Fly ash

B. Nitrogen

C. Sulfide

D. Lignite

E. Oxygen

C. Sulfide

For the last 100 years, our primary energy source has been __________.

A. Hydropower

B. Natural gas

C. Fossil fuels

D. Nuclear energy

E. Fuel wood

C. Fossil fuels

Electric power is measured in _______.

A. Base load

B. Amperes

C. Volts

D. Kilowatt hours

E. Peak load

D. Kilowatt hours

A major concern with natural gas demand is __________.

A. Low supply

B. Limited use of the fossil fuel

C. Transportation

D. Lack of greenhouse gas emission

E. Lack of appropriate storage

C. Transportation

A nuclear power plant produces electricity in a manner most similar to which of the following?

A. A coal-burning power plant, in that both use steam to rotate a turbine

B. A photovoltaic solar panel, in that both produce electricity using energy from photons of light

C. A wind turbine, in that both use flowing air to rotate a turbine

D. A hydroelectric dam, in that both use flowing water to rotate a turbine

A. A coal-burning power plant, in that both use steam to rotate a turbine

One hundred units of coal energy are converted to electricity, which is then used to power an incandescent light bulb that produces 1.2 units of light energy. This results in a 1.2% ________.

A. Energy end-use efficiency

B. Consumption

C. Energy return on investment

D. Energy conversion

E. Energy conversion efficiency

A. Energy end-use efficiency

Currently, fossil fuels meet _____ of the global energy needs.

A. 70%

B. 79%

C. 57%

D. 35%

E. 5%

B. 79%

1When coal is burned to generate electricity, 70% of the primary energy in the coal is transformed into unused heat. This means that the energy conversion efficiency from chemical to electrical energy is ______.

A. 70%

B. 30%

C. 100%

D. 0%

E. Cannot be determined

B. 30%

All of the following except _____ would result in improved energy use efficiency.

A. Tax credits for installing geothermal heating in your home

B. Buying more SUV motor vehicles

C. Tax credits for insulating and putting double pane windows in existing buildings

D. Rebates for building energy-efficient buildings

E. Buying high-efficiency appliances

B. Buying more SUV motor vehicles