Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

These flashcards cover key concepts related to photosynthesis and cellular respiration as discussed in the lecture.

What are the two main processes of energy conversion in plants?

Photosynthesis and Photosynthesis.

Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?

In the chloroplast.

What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen.

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide and water.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Glucose and oxygen.

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

To absorb light energy for the light reactions.

What are the two stages of photosynthesis?

Light reactions and the Calvin cycle.

What is produced during the light reactions?

ATP and NADPH.

Why is the Calvin cycle also known as the dark reactions?

Because it does not require light.

What is the significance of NADPH in photosynthesis?

It serves as the reducing power for the Calvin cycle.

What is the primary role of RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?

To fix carbon dioxide to ribulose bisphosphate.

What is G3P in the context of photosynthesis?

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, which is produced during the Calvin cycle and can be converted into glucose.

How many molecules of carbon dioxide are needed to produce one molecule of G3P?

Three molecules of carbon dioxide.

What additional energy molecules are required during the conversion of PGA to G3P?

Six ATP and six NADPH.

What parts of the chloroplast are involved in the light reactions?

Thylakoid membranes.

What is photophosphorylation?

The process of generating ATP from light energy in photosynthesis.

What is the main difference between photoautotrophs and heterotrophs?

Photoautotrophs produce their own food through photosynthesis, while heterotrophs consume other organisms for food.

In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?

In the stroma.

What are the main pigments involved in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.

What is the importance of the hydrogen gradient during the light reactions?

It drives ATP synthesis through ATP synthase.

Is light required for all stages of photosynthesis?

No, light is only required for the light reactions.