Exam 2 MIS

Database

An organized collection of data, generally stored and accessed electronically.

DBMS

Database Management System, software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data.

Metadata

Data that describes data elements and their relationships.

Primary Key

A unique row in a table.

Foreign Keys

A column that is a key but refers to a different table.

Relational Databases

Databases that carry data in tables and relate through foreign keys.

Forms

Used to view data, insert new records, update data, and delete data.

Reports

Structured presentations using filtering, grouping, and other operations.

Queries

Search operations based on data provided by the user.

Data Integrity

Ensures data is accurate, consistent, and reliable.

Data Redundancy

The duplication of data, which can lead to inconsistency.

Structured Process

Very structured and systematic process that always follows the same steps.

Dynamic Process

An unstructured process that is not the same every time.

Process Efficiency

The ratio of inputs to outputs in a process.

Process Effectiveness

How well a process achieves organizational strategy.

Information Silos

Isolated data in separate information systems causing multiple problems.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

A suite of applications designed to manage all interactions with customers.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

A suite of applications designed to integrate planning, management, and use of all organizational resources.

Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)

Programs that integrate existing systems to enable data sharing.

Systems Development

The process of creating and maintaining information systems.

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

A framework of phases to develop or upgrade an information system.

Requirements Analysis Phase

The phase that involves conducting user interviews and evaluating existing systems.

System Implementation Phase

The phase in which the system is built, tested, and converted for users.

IS Security Background

Understanding the threats, vulnerabilities, and exposures in information systems.

Threat

A danger to which a system can be exposed.

Vulnerability

The possibility that a threat will harm a resource.

Safeguard

Measures in place to stop unauthorized access.

Common types of security loss

Unauthorized disclosure of data, modification of data, and denial of service.

Phishing

A type of pretexting where fraudulent emails trick users into revealing personal information.

Malware

Malicious software designed to harm or exploit devices.

Natural Disasters

Acts such as floods, storms, and fire that can cause harm to information systems.

Human Error

Mistakes made by individuals that can compromise security.

Least Privilege Principle

Users should only have permissions necessary to perform their job functions.

Data User Rights

Rights that users have in regards to computing resources and information systems.

Data User Responsibilities

Responsibilities of users to follow security and backup procedures.

Security Monitoring

Ongoing surveillance of system activity to detect unauthorized behaviors.

Incident Response Plan

A prepared strategy to handle security breaches or incidents.

Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

A system that detects unauthorized access attempts.

Access Control

Policies and measures to restrict access to information.

Data Safety Standards

Laws and regulations that organizations must follow to protect data.

Human Safeguards

Policies and protocols designed to ensure employee responsibility concerning data security.