Gyno Neonatal/female pelvis/cervical/vaginal

What embryonic structure gives rise to ovaries

Gonadal ridges

What are primordial germ cells

Cells from yolk sac that migrate to the embryo to form oocytes

What ducts develop into fallopian tubes, uterus, and upper vagina?

Paramesonephric ducts

What embryonic structure developed the lower vagina and bladder

urogenital sinus

What is ambiguous genitalia

We do not know what they are. They are unclear.

True hermaphroditism 

rare condition where both oviarian and testicular tissue are present 

Pseudohermaphroditism

Condition where chromosomes and gonads are of one sex but external genitalia appear different

Due to androgen exposure

Turner Syndrome

Chromosomal disorder where gonads fail to develop

Precocious puberty

onset of puberty before age 8

True precocious puberty

Early activation of the hypothalamus

Gonads enlarge 

Psuedoprecocious Puberty

Secondary sexual characteristics develop due to excess hormones

Gonads remain immature

Premature Thelarche

Isolated breast development without other puberty signs

Pediatric uterus

Newborn: pear shaped with fundus smaller than cervix

Post Puberty: fundus larger than cervix

Ovarian cysts

Fluid filled sacs within the ovary

Why are ovarian cysts common in neonates

Because of the maternal hormones stimulation

Ovarian torsion

Twisting of the ovary cutting off blood supply

Ovarian Teratomas

Germ cell tumors

Benign or malignant

Vagina

Muscular canal extending from cervix to external genitalia

Rectouterine pouch

Space between uterus and rectum

Gartners duct cyst

Most common vaginal cyst

What creates the Gartner duct cyst

The remnant of embryonic ducts

Imperforate hymen

congenital obstruction of the vaginal opening

Vaginal cuff

Post hysterectomy upper portion of the vagina

Size of vaginal cuff

Normally <2.1 cm

If larger it may be malignant

Nabothian cyst

Most common CERVICAL finding 

Characteristics of nabothian cyst

small, benign mucus filled cysts in the cervix 

Cervical polyp

Benign growth from endocervical epithelium

May cause irregular bleeding

Leiomyoma

Benign smooth muscle tumor

Can prolapse into vagina

Cervical stenosis

Narrowing of cervical canal

What can often cause cervical stenosis

Surgery, radiation, or infection

Cervical Carcinoma

Malignant tumor of cervix

Most common cervical carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Detected by pap smear

Cervical Dysplasia

Precancerous abnormal cell growth of cervix

Carcinoma in Situ

Severe from of cervical dysplasia with neoplastic cells

Not yet invasive