Cultural variations in attachment

Cultural variations

how behavior and child-rearing patterns are shaped by cultural norms and social practices.

van Ijzendoorn & Kroonenberg

meta-analysis of 32 studies across 8 countries

what did Ijsendoorn and kroonenberg want to examin

inter-cultural (between countries) and intra-cultural (within the same country) differences.

what was the norm in sll countries

Secure attachment was the norm in all countries (ranging from 75% in the UK to 50% in China).

Individualist cultures

had higher rates of insecure-avoidant attachment (Germany had the highest avoidant levels).

Collectivist cultures

had higher rates of insecure-resistant attachment (above 25% i has the highest).

Intra-cultural variation vs inter-cultural variation

Intra-cultural variation was 1.5 times greater than inter-cultural variation