APUSH TERRITORY WAR QUESTIONS

31. Known as the "Great Compromiser" who helped pass the Compromise of 1850?

Henry Clay

46. These were the first public debates on the issue of slavery, and made Abraham Lincoln known in 1858.

Lincoln-Douglas Debates (issues of slavery)

56. The attack on what place was the official start of the Civil War?

Fort Sumter

101. This is the location of the symbolic surrender/end of the Civil War.

Appomattox Court House

1. Who coined the term "Manifest Destiny"?

John L. O'Sullivan.

2. 1845 idea that Euro-Americans were fated by God to settle the North American continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans.

Manifest Destiny

3. Region between California & Russian Alaska that many American farmers desired.

Oregon

4. Elite Mexican ranchers in the province of California.

Californios

5. Many Americans settled into California along what river?

Sacramento River

6. What animal played an important role in the lives of Plains Indians?

Bison

7. What three things, brought by Europeans, tremendously influenced the Plains Indians?

Horses, guns, diseases

8. What slogan was the demand for all of the Oregon Territory?

"54 40 or Fight!"

9. Who won the presidential election of 1844?

James Knox Polk

10. Who was the Whig candidate in the 1844 election?

Henry Clay

11. What was the political party of James G. Birney?

Liberty Party

12. What became a new state after the Democrats won the 1844 election?

Texas

13. Polk tried to acquire California from what country?

Mexico

14. Who did Polk end to califomia to lead an "exploring" party of soldiers in 1845?

John C. Frémont

15. How much did the U.S. offer to pay, originally, for the California and New Mexico provinces?

$30 million

16. What did the U.S. believe was the southern border of Texas?

Rio Grande

17. When the Oregon Treaty was signed between the U.S. & Britain what became the northern border between the U.S. and Canada?

The 49th parallel

18. During the Mexican War, Fremont declared California independent and called it what?

Bear Flag Republic

19. Who was the leader of Mexico during the Mexican-American War?

Antonio López de Santa Anna

26. The idea that those living in each territory should determine its status as free or slave.

Squatter sovereignty or popular sovereignty

38. 1854 document urging the U.S. seize Cuba. Denounced by northern democrats as an aggressive initiative to simply expand slavery.

Ostend Manifesto

168. The first governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony.

John Winthrop

172. Members of the Society of Friends that settled in Pennsylvania.

Quakers

178. A colony created through a grant of land from the English monarch to an individual or group, who then set up a government largely independent from royal control.

Proprietary colony.

199. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence, and when was it adopted?

Thomas Jefferson; adopted on July 4, 1776.

221. A proposal by Hamilton that urged expansion of manufacturing and tariffs.

Report on Manufactures

228. This officially ended the war of 1812.

Treaty of Ghent.

240. Anti-foreign sentiment in the US that began in the 1840s & 50s.

Nativism

252. Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau were major figures in this 19th

Transcendentalism

20. Who were the top two American Generals during the Mexican War?

Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott.

21. Whig party members that were opposed to the Mexican War.

Anti-war Whigs or Conscience Whigs

22. This was an 1846 proposed ban on slavery in territory acquired from the Mexican War.

Wilmot Proviso

23. What treaty ended the Mexican War?

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

24. A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery, and created a political party in 1848.

Free-soil movement

25. Who came up with the idea of "squatter"/popular sovereignty?

Lewis Cass

27. "Old Rough and Ready" who became the president in 1848.

Zachary Taylor

28. On whose land was gold discovered in California?

John Sutter

29. Nickname for the individuals who descended on California first as part of the gold rush.

Forty-niners

30. "Slavery follows the flag" was an assertion by whom that planters could by right take their slave property into new territories?

John C. Calhoun

32. What were the two key elements of the Compromise of 1850?

California as free state and Fugitive Slave Act

33. What was the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850?

Fugitive Slave Act

34. Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?

Harriet Beecher Stowe

35. Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents, including alleged fugitives, the right to a jury trial.

Personal Liberty Laws

36. Who won the presidential election of 1852?

Franklin Pierce

37. A small part of land, now part of Arizona & New Mexico, acquired for the building of a railroad.

Gadsden Purchase (1853)

39. According to the Kansas-Nebraska act how would slavery be determined in those territories?

Popular sovereignty

40. The passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act led directly to the creation of what political party?

Republican Party

41. Political party formed in 1851 that drew on the anti-immigrant & anti-Catholic movements of the 1840s

Know-Nothing Party

42. Term for the bloody struggle over slavery in Kansas.

"Bleeding Kansas"

43. Who became the president of the U.S. after the election of 1856?

James Buchanan

44. 1857 Supreme Court case that declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.

Dred Scott v. Sandford

45: Chief Justice of U.S. Supreme Court that stated slaves were property, not citizens, and couldn't be free.

Roger B. Taney

47. An argument presented by Senator Stephen Douglas, that a territory's residents cold exclude slavery by not adopting laws to protect it.

Freeport Doctrine

48. Who led an abolitionist raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia in 1859?

John Brown

49. Who won the presidential election of 1860?

Abraham Lincoln

50. How many candidates were involved in the 1860 U.S. presidential election?

4

51. What year was gold discovered in California?

1848

52. Abraham Lincoln lost an election in 1858 when he was trying to become senator of what state?

Illinois

53. What was the first state to secede from the union?

South Carolina

54. Who was the president of the Confederate States of America?

Jefferson Davis

55. A proposed plan that called for a constitutional amendment to protect slavery from federal interference in any state where it already existed and for a westward extensionra of the Missouri Compromise line to the California border.

Crittenden Compromise

57. What four states joined the Confederacy after the fall of Fort Sumter?

Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, Virginia

58. What were the four Border States?

Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri

59. Who became the top general of the Confederate Army in 1861?

Robert E. Lee

60. Who was the Lincoln's top military adviser, and architect of the "Anaconda" Plan?

Winfield Scott

61. Sometimes called the battle of Manassas, this was the first battle of the Civil War.

First Battle of Bull Run

62. This was the bloodiest single day battle of the Civil War.

Battle of Antietam

63. Lincoln dismissed this general because he was not aggressive enough.

George B. McClellan

64. What Union general became successful in the Mississippi Valley?

Ulysses S. Grant

65. What place did David G. Farragut successfully capture for the Union?

New Orleans

66. The mobilization of all of society's resources in support of the military.

Total war

67. A system for selecting individuals for conscription/military service.

Drafting

68. Who imposed the first legally binding conscription in American history?

Confederate Congress

69. Nickname for the war when yeoman farmers complained that people could pay for substitutes.

"A rich man's war and a poor man's fight"

70. A legal writ forcing government authorities to justify arrests and detentions of individuals.

Habeas corpus

71. This person served as a superintendent of female nurses, and later fought for better conditions in asylums.

Dorothea Dix

72. This Union nurse would help create the American Red Cross.

Clara Barton

73. Name four areas in which the Union held an economic advantage.

Population, farm acreage, factories, railroad mileage

74. This staple crop proved to be a major disadvantage to the south during the war.

Cotton

75. This law offered farmers "free land" after five years of residence.

Homestead Act

76. Whose economic "American System" program was far surpassed during the Civil War?

Henry Clay

77. The Union and Central Pacific started to build this in 1862.

Transcontinental Railroad

78. Paper money issued by the U.S. Treasury during the Civil War to finance the war effort.

Greenbacks

79. Because the Confederacy printed a lot of money during the war, what rate increased?

Inflation

80. Slaves who fled the plantations and sought protection behind Union lines during the Civil War.

"Contrabands"

81. Members of the Republicans who were bitterly opposed to slavery.

Radical/Abolitionist Republicans

82. Leader of Republicans in the Senate during the war.

Charles Sumner

83. Leader of the Republicans in the House of Representatives during the war.

Thaddeus Stevens

84. Issued after the Battle of Antietam, it freed all slaves in rebelling states.

Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation

85. This was the last fort along the Mississippi River, and was a turning point of the wara in the west when the Union won the battle for it.

Vicksburg

86. The bloodiest battle of the war, it lasted three days, and was a turning point in the east.

Battle of Gettysburg

87 This abolitionist and former slave urged African Americans to fight to win "the right to citizenship."

Frederick Douglass

88. This was the famous African American unit that led the charge on Fort Wagner, South Carolina.

54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment

89. Military service did not end discrimination as Black soldiers earned ______, compared to whites that earned ______.

$10 per month; $13 per month

90. The Union used railroads to rescue the endangered Union army near this place in Tennessee.

Chattanooga

91. Grant's willingness to accept heavy casualties earned him a reputation as a ____ of enemy armies and his own men.

Butcher