Human Resource Management Comprehensive Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering the core concepts of Human Resource Management, including recruitment, performance management, labor legislation, and motivational theories.

Human Resource Management (HRM)

A strategic approach to managing an organization's most valuable asset—its people, aligning workforce capabilities with business goals.

The Employee Experience

A global trend in HRM focusing on culture, engagement, and "employer branding" from the very first contact.

Systems Theory

The concept that organizations are open systems that interact with and are influenced by their external environment.

Workforce Planning

A systematic process to identify an organization's workforce needs to ensure it has the right people with the right skills in the right place at the right time.

Talent Management

An integrated strategy to attract, develop, retain, and optimize the quality of talent an organization needs.

Recruitment

The process of attracting a pool of qualified applicants for a job vacancy.

Selection

The process of choosing the most suitable candidate from a pool of qualified applicants.

Job Analysis

The second step of the recruitment process used to determine specific duties, skills, and qualifications for a position.

Performance Management

A continuous, forward-looking process of setting goals, providing feedback, and coaching throughout the year.

Performance Appraisal

A formal, periodic, and past-focused review where performance is evaluated against predetermined goals.

Halo Effect

A problem in performance appraisal where a single positive trait influences all other ratings.

Central Tendency

An appraisal error where a manager rates everyone as "average."

Recency Effect

A problem in performance appraisal where the evaluator only remembers recent performance rather than the whole period.

Remuneration

The total reward an employee receives for their work, including direct financial, indirect financial, and non-financial components.

Flexible Benefits

A "cafeteria-style" plan where employees choose from a menu of benefits customized to their individual needs.

Employee Assistance Programme (EAP)

A confidential program to help employees deal with personal problems, such as stress or substance abuse, that may affect their work.

Burnout

The total exhaustion of physical, mental, and emotional resources.

Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHS Act)

Regulations requiring employers to provide safe systems of work and employees to report unsafe conditions or incidents by the end of a shift.

Labour Relations Act (LRA) $66$ of $1995$

The act that regulates the relationship between employers and employees, primarily through collective bargaining and trade unions.

CCMA

The Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration, whose main function is the conciliation of disputes.

Protected Strike Procedure

A process involving referral to the CCMA, a $30$-day mediation period, a certificate of non-resolution, and $48$ hours written notice.

Substantively Fair Dismissal

A dismissal based on a fair reason, specifically related to conduct, capacity, or operational requirements.

Basic Conditions of Employment Act (BCEA) $75$ of $1997$

Legislation that sets minimum standards for employment, including a maximum of $45$ hours per week and specific leave entitlements.

Employment Equity Act (EEA) $55$ of $1998$

The law aimed at eliminating unfair discrimination and promoting equity through Affirmative Action measures.

Designated Groups

Under the EEA, this includes Black people (African, Coloured, Indian), women, and people with disabilities.

Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act (BBBEEA) $53$ of $2003$

An act designed to address economic inequalities from apartheid policies by increasing black ownership and management.

Emotional Intelligence

The ability to understand and manage your emotions, as well as recognize and influence the emotions of those around you.

Autocratic Leadership

A leadership style featuring centralized decision-making with little input from subordinates.

Transformational Leadership

A leadership style that inspires and motivates employees by creating a vision for change.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A content theory of motivation ranging from physiological and safety needs to self-actualization.

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory

A theory distinguishing between Hygiene Factors (salary, security) that prevent dissatisfaction and Motivators (recognition, achievement) that create satisfaction.

Vroom's Expectancy Theory

A process theory where Motivation is calculated as $Expectancy \times Instrumentality \times Valence$.

Organisational Development (OD)

A planned, organization-wide effort to increase effectiveness and health using behavioral science knowledge.

Change Management

The process of helping individuals, teams, and organizations transition from a current state to a desired future state.