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Louis XIV
Europes most powrful country was France
Louis was a dictator
“ I am the state” no one could dethrone him
believed God gave him the devine right
Sun never sets in his large kingdom
to Apolla (sun motif)
bunch of art proaganda
large scale portrait
he was really short, loved wearing hells
in his 60s, (ballet dancer)
feret coat showing his wealth
flur de les, symbol of France
artist representing him in a postive light
being 60 was rare atp since everyone died early
moved palace from France to Versailles
invited elite to move nearby and hosted parties with deliciious food
inside palace was paintings, chandeliers
Rococo Art Style:
a style of art and decoration characterized by lightness
pastel colors, grace, playfulness, and intimacy that emerged in France in the early eighteenth century
spread across Europe until the late eighteenth century.
Though primarily an interior design movement, artists in painting and sculpture moved away from the serious subject matter of the Baroque
Madame de Pompadour
two paintings, one is green dress elongated, one is pink dress up close
mistress
sexualized and an intellectual
she was a politcal figure
King’s closest advisor
made public statements
patron of the arts
loved pastel colors
many tried to copy her
she encouraged encyclopedia making
reading, pen/feather shes writing, roses at her feet (king gave them)
vanity over interest
bracelet with King on it, the king favors her
pastel: pink and green
The Swing
they had an old man push the man’s lover so he can look under her skirt
cupid is shown, showing love
She is throwing her shoe to her lover
Romantic
pastel colors pinks and greens
Return from Cythera
Cythera is island, birth place of Aphrodite, goddess of love
cupid, bow is tied to his moms statue
Cupdi grabbing and encouraging woman to fall in love with the man
love is all around
couples get closer & closer a progression
man helping a woman up
man grabbing a woman’s waist
interperated as coupoles leaving or entering Cythera (the city of love)
angels flyinf above holding a torch
humans mixed with mythology
Jean submitted this work for an aristrocratic audience
fete galante: new genre which means elite elegant outdoor entertainment, tight-hearted
themes of love
The Birth of Venus
mythologic galante- a decorative style of fine art painting in which the undramatic mythological theme is an excuse for erotic display of the female nude
The Age of Enlightenment
Enlighten—the idea of shedding light on something, illuminating it, making it clear.
The thinkers of the Enlightenment, influenced by the scientific revolutions of the previous century, believed in shedding the light of
science and reason on the world in order to question traditional ideas and ways of doing things.
The scientific revolution (based on empirical observation, and not on metaphysics or spirituality) gave the impression that the
universe behaved according to universal and unchanging laws
This provided a model for looking rationally on human institutions as well as nature.
Neoclassicism
The Neoclassicists looked back to the French painter Nicolas Poussin for their inspiration (Poussin’s work exemplifies the interest in classicism in French art of the seventeenth century)
Neoclassicism's rise was in large part due to the popularity of the Grand Tour, in which art students and the general aristocracy were given access to recently unearthed ruins in Italy, and as a result became enamored with the aesthetics and philosophies of ancient art
Neoclassicism is characterized by clarity of form, sober colors, shallow space, strong horizontal and verticals that render that subject matter timeless, and Classical subject matter (or classicizing contemporary subject matter).
Drawing was considered more important than painting. The Neoclassical surface had to look perfectly smooth—no evidence of brush-strokes should be discernible to the naked eye.
Oath of the Horatii
story id from Roman legend
romans vs rival city
fighting, no end
decided to elect two representatives
Rome chose Horatii
soldiers realize that by fighting they lose something
3 sons saluting father
it means they concur or die
horizontal and verticals
David loves line over color (artists)
Salon is a place where work got analyzed
Death of Marat
violence of Revolution continue
David (artists) signed a petition in favor of beheading the queen
France had multiple leaders during the time
Morat was killed, atonomy is correct
wooden board with title and artists name
their is writintg, saying the date and says “My great unhappiness gives me a right to your kindness)
The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries:
young general
became a hero in his eyes
called himself emperor
Napoleon Crossing the Alps or Bonaparte at the St Bernard Pass
“Nobody knows if the portraits of the great men resemble them, it is enough that their genius lives there.” - Napoleon Bonaparte
“calme sur un cheval fougueux” calm on a fiery horse
trip took 4 months
Napoleon liked it so much he kept the portrait
Roman traditon /Emperor on a horse
not really realistic, it was idealized
Napolean dollowd his troops not led them
Arabian Stallion in the painting rode a donkey irl (trying to dramatize everything)
The Coronation of Napoleon:
Napoleon was crowned king
they aso crowned his wife during this ceremony
huge painting, very large irl
just more art to enflate his ego
Portrait of Madeleine
family was poor, father encouraged his two daugthers to become artists
black woman, body is facing to the left
sombre look on her face likely an individual
white headwrap
white outfit one slipped and one breast is showing to the audience
could be an allegory for Fance, there is red, white and blue here
France was very wealthy from the Atlantic Slave trade
slavery was orignially forbidden by Drance bu bough multiple islands to take slaves too
Napoleon eventually reastablishing slavery inside of France itself
Portrait of Citizen Jean-Baptiste Belle
freed since he served in the military for France
advocated for no slavery, equal rights
sculpture of man (for slavery) behind him
wearing France’s color
Ayuba Suleiman Diallo
he was from Senegal
no anger just dignified
eyes are haunting
father was a slave trader
he got himself as a victim to the slave trade and ended up in the system
American plantation for two years then traveled to Britain after befriending someone
scholar of Islam
mark on forhead from praying so much
“AM I not a man”
he wentback into slave trading
race + religion emphasis here
slave traders got reperations since they lost slaves, just recently British citizens just stoped paying reparations due to time