Anatomical Terminology, Movements, and Muscle Functions for Test Preparation
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119 Terms
What movement occurs when someone performs the side raise exercise?
Shoulder abduction
What motion is increasing the angle with the frontal plane?
abduction
What motions occur at the knee and hip when descending into a squat?
Knee flexion and hip flexion
What motion does the scapula perform during a seated row exercise?
Retraction
What position is a person in when lying on their back?
Supine position
What motion occurs at the shoulder during the descent of a bench press?
Shoulder flexion
What motion occurs when the weight is lifted during a lat pull down exercise?
Shoulder adduction
What motion occurs at the ankle when you jump?
Plantarflexion
What motions occur at the hip when performing jumping jacks?
Hip abduction and adduction
What rotary movement occurs when the arm rotates away from the midline of the body?
External rotation
What movement occurs at the foot/ankle when jumping up?
Plantarflexion
How is the knee positioned relative to the feet?
The knee is proximal to the feet.
How is the sternum positioned relative to the spine?
The sternum is anterior to the spine.
How are the ribs positioned relative to the humerus?
The ribs are superior to the humerus.
How is the thumb positioned relative to the pinkie finger?
The thumb is lateral to the pinkie finger.
How is the ulna positioned relative to the humerus?
The ulna is distal to the humerus.
How is the cervical spine positioned relative to the thoracic spine?
The cervical spine is superior to the thoracic spine.
How is the vastus intermedius positioned relative to the vastus lateralis?
The vastus intermedius is deep to the vastus lateralis.
How is the biceps femoris positioned relative to the semimembranosus?
The biceps femoris is lateral to the semimembranosus.
How are the hip adductors positioned relative to the femur?
The hip adductors are medial to the femur.
In what plane of motion is the leg extension exercise performed?
Sagittal plane
In what plane of motion does the dumbbell side raise occur?
Frontal plane
In what plane of motion are the hips moving during sprinting?
Sagittal plane (hips)
In what plane of motion does a baseball player swing a bat?
Transverse plane
In what plane of motion do jumping jacks occur?
Frontal plane
In what plane of motion is the push-up exercise performed?
Sagittal plane
In what plane of motion are the shoulders/arms moving during a pull-up?
Sagittal plane
In what plane of motion is external rotation of the shoulder occurring during rehabilitation?
Transverse plane (shoulder)
What type of contraction occurs when raising a dumbbell curl?
Concentric contraction (dumbbell)
What type of contraction occurs during a lying leg curl as the knee moves toward extension?
Eccentric contraction (leg curl)
What type of contraction does the gluteus maximus experience when descending into a squat?
Eccentric contraction (squat)
What type of contraction does the pectoralis major experience during a push-up?
Eccentric contraction (push up)
What type of contraction does the rectus abdominis experience during a plank?
Isometric contraction (plank)
What type of contraction does the latissimus dorsi experience during a pull-up?
Eccentric contraction
What type of contraction does the gluteus medius experience in a single leg stance?
Isometric contraction
What type of contraction does the gastrocnemius undergo when jumping?
Concentric contraction
What type of contraction do the triceps experience during a dumbbell triceps extension?
Concentric contraction
What type of contraction does the rectus femoris experience when kicking a ball?
Concentric contraction
What type of contraction do the rhomboids experience during a seated row?
Concentric contraction
What is the primary function of the Gluteus Maximus?
Hip extension and external rotation.
How does the Gluteus Maximus contribute to daily life?
It aids in standing up from a seated position and climbing stairs.
What role does the Gluteus Maximus play in sports?
It is crucial for running and jumping activities.
What exercise targets the Gluteus Maximus?
Squats and lunges.
What is the primary function of the Pectoralis Major?
Shoulder flexion, adduction, and internal rotation.
How does the Pectoralis Major contribute to daily life?
It assists in pushing movements and lifting objects.
What role does the Pectoralis Major play in sports?
Important for activities like swimming and throwing.
What exercise targets the Pectoralis Major?
Bench press and push-ups.
What is the primary function of the Gastrocnemius?
Plantarflexion of the foot and flexion of the knee.
How does the Gastrocnemius contribute to daily life?
It helps in walking and running.
What role does the Gastrocnemius play in sports?
Essential for sprinting and jumping.
What exercise targets the Gastrocnemius?
Calf raises.
What is the primary function of the Rhomboid Major?
Retracts and elevates the scapula.
How does the Rhomboid Major contribute to daily life?
It helps in maintaining good posture.
What role does the Rhomboid Major play in sports?
Important for activities requiring shoulder stability.
What exercise targets the Rhomboid Major?
Bent-over rows.
What is the primary function of the Latissimus Dorsi?
Shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation.
How does the Latissimus Dorsi contribute to daily life?
It assists in pulling movements and lifting heavy objects.
What role does the Latissimus Dorsi play in sports?
Crucial for swimming and rowing.
What exercise targets the Latissimus Dorsi?
Pull-ups and lat pull-downs.
What is the primary function of the Biceps Brachii?
Elbow flexion and forearm supination.
How does the Biceps Brachii contribute to daily life?
It helps in lifting and carrying objects.
What role does the Biceps Brachii play in sports?
Important for throwing and lifting.
What exercise targets the Biceps Brachii?
Bicep curls.
What is the primary function of the Quadriceps?
Knee extension.
How do the Quadriceps contribute to daily life?
They assist in standing up and walking.
What role do the Quadriceps play in sports?
Essential for running and jumping.
What exercise targets the Quadriceps?
Leg press and squats.
What is the primary function of the Gluteus Medius?
Hip abduction and stabilization.
How does the Gluteus Medius contribute to daily life?
It helps in maintaining balance while walking.
What role does the Gluteus Medius play in sports?
Important for lateral movements and stability.
What exercise targets the Gluteus Medius?
Side leg raises.
What is the primary function of the Supraspinatus?
Shoulder abduction.
How does the Supraspinatus contribute to daily life?
It assists in reaching overhead.
What role does the Supraspinatus play in sports?
Crucial for throwing and swimming.
What exercise targets the Supraspinatus?
Overhead dumbbell raises.
What is the function of the Tibialis Anterior?
Dorsiflexion of the foot.
How does the Tibialis Anterior contribute to daily life?
It helps in walking and lifting the foot.
What role does the Tibialis Anterior play in sports?
Important for running and agility.
What exercise targets the Tibialis Anterior?
Toe raises.
What is the primary function of the Soleus?
Plantarflexion of the foot.
How does the Soleus contribute to daily life?
It aids in standing and walking.
What role does the Soleus play in sports?
Essential for running and jumping.
What exercise targets the Soleus?
Seated calf raises.
What is the function of the Brachialis?
Elbow flexion.
How does the Brachialis contribute to daily life?
It assists in lifting and pulling.
What role does the Brachialis play in sports?
Important for activities requiring elbow strength.
What exercise targets the Brachialis?
Hammer curls.
What is the primary function of the Psoas Major?
Hip flexion.
How does the Psoas Major contribute to daily life?
It helps in bending forward and walking.
What role does the Psoas Major play in sports?
Crucial for running and kicking.
What exercise targets the Psoas Major?
Leg raises.
What is the primary function of the Upper Trapezius?
Elevation and upward rotation of the scapula.
How does the Upper Trapezius contribute to daily life?
It assists in shrugging shoulders.
What role does the Upper Trapezius play in sports?
Important for overhead movements.
What exercise targets the Upper Trapezius?
Shoulder shrugs.
What is the primary function of the Brachioradialis?
Elbow flexion.
How does the Brachioradialis contribute to daily life?
It assists in lifting and carrying.
What role does the Brachioradialis play in sports?
Important for throwing and lifting.
What exercise targets the Brachioradialis?
Reverse curls.
What is the primary function of the Deltoid?
Shoulder abduction, flexion, and extension.