Changing Social Hierarchies

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to changing social hierarchies from the AP World History lecture, including empires, systems, and policies that shaped ethnic and social dynamics.

Mughal Empire

An empire in the Indian subcontinent known for its acceptance of religious diversity and promotion of tolerance under leaders like Akbar.

Ottoman Empire

A vast empire that adopted inclusive practices such as the millet system to manage ethnic and religious diversity.

Casta System

A hierarchical structure in Spanish America that classified individuals based on racial and ethnic criteria, favoring Europeans.

Millet System

An Ottoman administrative practice allowing religious minorities to govern their own communities while under imperial oversight.

Qing Dynasty

The last imperial dynasty of China, which replaced many Ming elites and implemented policies that restricted Han Chinese and asserted Manchu dominance.

Timar System

A land grant system in the Ottoman Empire that gradually lost influence due to central restructuring of landholding.

Absolutism

A political doctrine where a single ruler holds unlimited power, often seen in the centralizing efforts of European monarchs.

Spanish Inquisition

A campaign established to root out heresy in Spain, leading to the persecution of religious minorities, including Jews.

Queue Order

A policy in Qing China requiring Han men to wear specific hairstyles as a sign of Manchu dominance.

Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible)

A Russian tsar known for centralizing power and reducing the influence of traditional boyar elites.