Introduction to Animal Care Program and Health Safety

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering animal research governance, regulations, the 3 R's, safety units, and zoonotic diseases based on the provided lecture notes.

BLV

Bovine leukemia virus.

IACUC

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee; responsible for the assessment and oversight of the institution's animal research program and facilities.

CAR

Campus Animal Resources.

Husbandry

The day-to-day care of animals.

Animal Stress (Operationalized Definition)

Occurs when an animal is required to make extreme or prolonged adjustments in order to adapt to its current environment or surroundings.

Desiccation

A stress factor related to humidity that is particularly important for amphibians and reptiles.

Animal Welfare Act

Federal legislation regulated by the USDA consisting of a series of laws regulating animal use activities in research for warm-blooded animals, excluding mice, rats, non-research horses, and farm animals raised for food, fiber, or ag work.

USDA

United States Department of Agriculture; the federal agency that regulates the Animal Welfare Act.

OLAW

Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare.

NIH

National Institute of Health.

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

A standard standard providing recommendations for running an animal care program that covers all animals (vertebrate, invertebrate, bird, fish) used for biomedical research, teaching, or training.

Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Teaching and Research

A guideline specifically focused on species used in agriculture and teaching, including cattle (dairy and beef), horses, swine, sheep, goats, and poultry.

MDARD

Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development; the agency that enforces animal care laws in Michigan.

The Three R's

Reduce, Refine, and Replace; concepts brought into practice in 1959 by Russell and Burke to conduct animal research more consciously.

Reduction

Reducing the number of animals used in a study to the minimum required to obtain statistical results.

Refinement

Modifying research tests and protocols to cause as little stress and distress as possible to animals.

Replacement

Completely removing live animals from research or training through alternative methods such as computer simulations, synthetic skin, or cadavers.

University Physicians Office

An MSU organization that provides medical assessment, monitoring, intervention, and evaluation to employees related to occupational risk.

EHS

Environmental Health and Safety department; assists faculty and staff in maintaining a safe workplace.

Zoonosis

Diseases that spread from animals to humans.

Anthropozoonosis

Diseases that spread from humans to animals.

Q Fever

A disease found primarily in sheep that can be transmitted through dust from dried, contaminated bedding.

HPAI

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, which primarily exposes humans via the conjunctiva.

Conjunctiva

The eye tissue through which exposure to diseases such as HPAI primarily occurs.

Ringworm

A skin infection transmitted by direct contact that is caused by a fungus, not a worm.

ORF

A parapox virus (also known as contagious eczema) transmitted primarily from sheep and goats that causes itchy sore lesions on human hands and arms.

PPE

Personal Protective Equipment, including gloves, eye protection, coveralls, and face masks, used to mitigate health and exposure risks on the farm and in labs.