Ancient Greece

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66 Terms

1

Geometric

Diplyon Krater (Period)

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2

Diplyon Krater

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3

Archaic

Statue of a Kouros (Period)

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4

Statue of a Kouros

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5

Archaic

Achilles and Ajax Playing a Dice Game (Period)

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6

Achilles and Ajax Playing a Dice Game

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7

Exekias

Achilles and Ajax Playing a Dice Game Artist

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8

Classical

Spear-Bearer (Period)

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9

Spear-Bearer

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10

Polykleitos

Spear-Bearer Artist

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11

Classical

Aphrodite of Knidos (Period)

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12

Aphrodite of Knidos

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13

Praxiteles

Aphrodite of Knidos Artist

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14

Classical

Parthenon (Period)

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15

Parthenon

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16

Phidias

Parthenon Artist

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17

Hellenistic

Nike of Samothrace (Period)

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18

Nike of Samothrace

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19

Hellenistic

Laocoon and His Sons (Period)

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20

Laocoon and His Sons

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21

Hellenistic

Altar of Zeus (Period)

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22

Altar of Zeus

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23

Mediterranean

Greeks established colonies and trading stations around here and profited from trade with them

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24

Ancient Aegean

First major civilization in Europe; home to three distinct but related cultures (Minoans, Mycenaeans, and Clycladics)

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25

Minoan

Named after the mythical king Minos; seafaring and trading people who traded with Egypt, Cyprus, and the Near East.

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26

Buon Fresco

Applying pigment to wet lime plaster without a binding agent

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27

Homer

Author of Iliad and the Odyssey

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28

Iliad

Epic poem about the Trojan War

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29

Troy

Setting for the Trojan War in homer鈥檚 Iliads and Odyssey

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30

Trojan War

Legendary conflict in Greek mythology between the Greeks and the city of Troy

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31

Greek Polis

City-state consisting of an urban center and the surrounding countryside

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32

Psyche

Goddess of the soul and the beloved of Eros, the god of love

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33

Krater

Large, open-mouthed vessel used in ancient Greece to mix wine and water at symposiums; sometimes used as grave markers

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34

Slip

Liquid clay mixture

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35

Kouros

Grave monument; male youth, especially of noble rank

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36

Kore

Female counterpart of kouros; not nude

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37

Archaic Smile

Shallow, enigmatic smiles appear on the faces of Greek statues; most likely just a way to show the statue has life

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38

Open Form

Often closer in shape to the figures they represent, making them more lifelike.

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39

Closed Form

More structurally robust and resistant to wear or breakage

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40

Canon of Proportions

Set of mathematical ratios and measurements used to create an idealized representation of the human body; Standardization of visual language in ancient Egyptian art. The ancient Greeks would later develop their own version.

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41

Pythagoras

Made important developments in mathematics, astronomy, and the theory of music.

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42

Symmetria

Harmony of an object鈥檚 parts or the good proportions between them

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43

Meander

Decorative patterns symbolize eternity, infinity, and unity; band of short horizontal and vertical fillets that connect at right angles

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44

Cella

Inner shrine of an ancient Greek temple where a statue or cult image of the temple鈥檚 deity was housed

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45

Pericles

Created the Parthenon

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46

Delian League

Military alliance of Greek city-states to fight the Persian Empire and protect ionian Greeks; it is thought that the acropolis of Athens was reconstructed after the treasury from the ____________ was relocated to the city, eventually increasing tensions that would lead to the Peloponessian war.

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47

Panathenaic Procession

Grand annual festival procession in ancient Athens that culminated the Panathenaia, a religious festival in honor of Athena.

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48

Doric

First style of stone temple architecture in ancient Greece; simple and plain with a rounded section at the bottom and a square at the top; frieze composed of triglyphs and metopes.

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49

Ionic

More slender and more ornate than the masculine Doric style

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50

Corinthian

Most elaborate of all Greek column architecture

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51

Column

Fundamental architectural feature that served both practical and artistic purposes

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52

Frieze

Decorative band of panel that was located in the middle of an entablature, the section of a building that rests on the top of a column.

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53

Pediment

Triangular gable that served both structural and decorative prposes

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54

Metopes

Rectangular architectural elements that filled the space between triglyphs in the frieze of a Doric temple

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55

Triglyphs

Visual element in the Doric order of the temple architecture that represented the wooden beams used in prehistoric buildings

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56

Entasis

Used to make larger structures appear straight and counteract the illusion that straight lines appear to taper in the middle

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57

Acropolis

Natural strongholds constructed on rocky, elevated ground.

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58

Centauromachy

Mythological battle between the Lapiths and the Centaurs that symbolized the triumph of civilization over barbarism

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59

Chryselephantine

Type of figural sculpture in which the flesh was made of ivory and the drapery of gold

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60

Wet Drapery

Style that depicts clothing that clings to the body in a way that suggests it鈥檚 wet

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61

Contrapposto

A sculptural technique that depicted the human figure in a more natural pose, with most of the weight on one leg.

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62

Persian Wars

Series of conflicts between the Persia and Greece

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63

Peloponnesian War

Conflict between Athens and Sparta

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64

Alexander the Great

Ancient Macedonian ruler who established one of the largest empires in the ancient world

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65

Mecadonia

Small kingdom in northern Greece; home of Alexander the Great

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66

Repatriation

Process of returning the cultural objects to their country of origin.

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