3. Anglo-Maratha Wars & Later History

Cause of 1st Anglo-Maratha War (1775-1782)

Internal conflict (Raghunath Rao wanted to be Peshwa, opposed by Finance Minister Nana Fadnavis)

Treaties signed by Raghunath Rao with British for support

Treaty of Surat (1775) and Treaty of Purandar (1776)

Treaty of Wadgaon (1779)

Signed after initial British defeat in the 1st Anglo-Maratha War

Treaty of Salbai (1782)

Signed at the end of the 1st Anglo-Maratha War after Warren Hastings defeated Marathas

British Leadership in 2nd Anglo-Maratha War (1803-1805)

Arthur Wellesley (Deccan) and General Lake (North India)

Treaty of Bassein (1802)

Subsidiary alliance signed by Baji Rao II with the British (led to 2nd Anglo-Maratha War)

Winner of the 2nd Anglo-Maratha War

British

Treaty of Rajghat (1805)

Ended the 2nd Anglo-Maratha War with Holkars

Treaty of Deogaon (1803)

Signed after Battle of Argaon with Bhonsles Dynasty (Cuttack was acquired by British)

3rd Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818) is often regarded as

"Pindari War"

Pindaris

Tribal people that supported Marathas during raids

Fate of Baji Rao II after 3rd Anglo-Maratha War

Captured and sent to Bithoor (Kanpur)

Three treaties signed with three different Maratha powers during the 3rd Anglo-Maratha War

Treaty of Mandsaur (Holkar), Treaty of Poona (Peshwa), Treaty of Scindia (Gwalior)

Year Peshwaship was abolished

From 1818

UNESCO World Heritage status 2025

Maratha Military Landscapes of India inscribed as India's 44th World Heritage Site