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Site vs Situation

Site = physical environment; Situation = social conditions; Katrina = poor site + poor situation

Levees Only System

Water system using levees

MR-GO Canal

Canal that increased storm surge; example of infrastructure worsening disaster

Wetlands

Natural buffers that absorb water; loss increased Katrina impact

Worster Framework

how environmental disasters result from the interaction of natural conditions below sea level), human systems (levees and canals), and cultural beliefs (wetlands).”

Racial Formation

Race is socially constructed through history and institutions

Racial Projects

Policies or ideas that shape race such as media

Ideological Racism

Racism through beliefs and stereotypes

Structural Racism

Racism through systems like housing and infrastructure

Looters vs Finders

Media portrayed Black people as criminals and whites as innocent

Redlining

Housing discrimination limiting where Black people live

Market-Based Recovery

Focus on profit and investment leading to inequality

Community-Based Recovery

Focus on local residents and equity leading to resilience

Property Bundle of Rights

Property includes use control and transfer rights

Control Rights

Right to decide how others use something

Sovereignty

Ultimate authority over land and laws

Locke Property Theory

People own what they labor on

Gold Locke

Does not decay so accumulation is justified

TEK

Indigenous knowledge from long-term environmental interaction

Controlled Burning

Use of fire to manage ecosystems and increase biodiversity

Settler vs Indigenous Land

Indigenous land is shared while settlers treat land as owned and controlled

Fur Trade Effects

Environmental damage dependency and social disruption

Beaver Keystone Species

Species that shapes ecosystems significantly

Dependency

Reliance on European goods in the fur trade

Midewiwin

Spiritual movement responding to fur trade changes

Krech Argument

Indigenous practices were not always predictable or conservationist

Anderson Argument

Indigenous practices maintained ecological balance

Manifest Destiny

Belief in justified US expansion

Agrarian Myth

Ideal of the independent yeoman farmer

Frontier Thesis

Frontier shaped American identity

Cronon Fences

Represent private property and land control

Federal Indian Policy

Discovery Removal Allotment Reorganization Termination Self-determination

Allotment Act

Broke tribal land into private plots causing land loss

Native Representation

Independent savage brutal savage defeated Indian

Yurok Burning

Fire used to manage forests and ecosystems