Honors Chemistry Lesson Outcomes - Chapter 5 Electrons in Atoms

A set of flashcards covering key concepts related to electrons in atoms, atomic models, and electron configuration.

Atomic Emission Spectrum

Each atom has its unique discrete spectrum because it has a different number of electrons.

Photon

A particle of light produced when an electron changes energy levels.

Proton

A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

Dual Nature of Light

Light behaves as both a wave and a particle, possessing energy and frequency/wavelength.

Electromagnetic Radiation (EMS)

A form of energy that travels through space; examples include radio waves, microwaves, and gamma rays.

Speed of Light Equation

Speed of light (m/sec) = wavelength (m) x frequency (Hz or 1/sec).

Wavelength Relationship

Low energy corresponds to high wavelength and low frequency; as frequency increases, energy increases.

Energy Equation

Energy (joules) = Planck’s constant (J sec) x frequency (Hz or 1/sec).

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

It is impossible to know both the position and velocity of a particle simultaneously.

Schrodinger Wave Equation

Provides complex solutions (wave functions) that predict the probability of locating an electron in space.

De Broglie's Equation

Describes the wavelength (w) of an object in motion as w = h/(m*v), where h is Planck’s constant.

Electron Configuration

The arrangement of electrons in an atom's orbitals based on the rules set by Aufbau, Pauli, and Hund.

Valence Electrons

Electrons located in the outermost shell of an atom.

Lewis Dot Structure

A diagram that shows the valence electrons of an atom as dots around its chemical symbol.