Ap HuG: Chapter 5 (Unit 2)

Emigration

The act of leaving one's own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad.

Immigration

The act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

Net Migration

T he difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants in a particular area over a specific period.

Internal Migration

The movement of people within the same country or region.

Transnational Migration

The process of migrating across international borders while maintaining connections with one's home country.

Voluntary Migration:

The movement of people based on their free will and desire to improve their quality of life, usually for economic or social reasons.

Forced Migration

The involuntary movement of people away from their home, typically due to conflict, natural disasters, or persecution.

Asylum Seeker

A person who has fled their home country and seeks protection in another country, but whose refugee status has not yet been determined.

Refugee

A person who has been forced to flee their country due to persecution, war, or violence and who has been granted protection under international law.

Internally Displaced Person (IDP):

A person who has been forced to flee their home but remains within their country's borders.

Unauthorized Immigrants:

Individuals who enter or remain in a country without the legal right to do so.

Chain Migration

The social process by which migrants from a particular town or region follow others from that area to a particular destination, often creating an established community.

Guest Worker

A foreign laborer allowed to enter a country temporarily to work, often in low-wage jobs.

Interregional Migration

The movement of people from one region of a country to another, often for economic or social opportunities.

Intraregional Migration

The movement of people within the same region of a country.

Intervening Obstacle

A geographic or political barrier that hinders or prevents migration.

Intervening Opportunity

The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away.

Pull Factor

A positive aspect or condition that attracts people to a new location, such as job opportunities, political stability, or a higher standard of living.

Push Factor

A negative aspect or condition that drives people to leave their home country, such as unemployment, political instability, or environmental disasters.

Circular Migration

The temporary and usually repetitive movement of a migrant worker between home and host areas, typically for employment.

Step Migration

A process where migration occurs in stages, typically moving from rural to small towns, then to larger cities, rather than a single move to a final destination.

Quotas

Laws that limit the number of people allowed to immigrate to a country each year.

Friction of Distance

The concept that the farther apart two places are, the less likely it is that people will migrate between them, due to increased effort, cost, or time associated with the distance.