Lesson 3.3. Cell Surface Components

Flagella

• provides motility

• long, whiplike, helical-shaped appendages that project from the surface of the cell

• antigenic – H antigen

Flagellin

The filament of the flagella is built from multiple copies of the protein ______

flagellar motor

The flagella has a hook attached to the cell surface by a series of complex proteins called ___________________ which rotates the flagellum, causing the movement through the environment.

Polar or Monotrichous

TYPES OF FLAGELLAR ARRANGEMENT

• Single Flagellum at one pole

Lophotrichous

TYPES OF FLAGELLAR ARRANGEMENT

• Tuft of flagella at one pole

Amphitrichous

TYPES OF FLAGELLAR ARRANGEMENT

• Flagella at both poles

Petritrichous

TYPES OF FLAGELLAR ARRANGEMENT

• Flagella all over

Amphilophotrichous

TYPES OF FLAGELLAR ARRANGEMENT

• Tuft of flagella at both ends

Fimbriae

• structurally similar to flagella but not involved in motility

• straighter, more numerous, thinner, and shorter

• common on Gram-negative bacteria

• used for adhesion to colonize a certain species

Type I fimbriae (common fimbriae)

• chromosomally mediated and found in E. coli and other enteric bacteria like Salmonella sp which assist the cell in colonizing the large intestine

• act primarily as adhesins to animal tissues and to initiate biofilm formation

• responsible for hemagglutination and cell clumping

Pili

• morphologically and chemically like fimbriae

• present in much smaller numbers (<10) and are usually longer than fimbriae

• involved in the genetic exchange process of conjugation

Capsules

form a tight, fairly rigid layer closely associated with the cell, (K-antigen)

slimes

loosely associated with the cell

extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)

Capsules and Slimes:

a._____________________________ composed of about 2% carbohydrate and 98% water

b. provides a _________________ to the cell

c. offer protection against _________________

d. provide a ____________________ against penetration of biocides, disinfectants and positively charged antibiotics

e. protect from ______________ by the immune system

f. protect against by phagocytes and protozoa

g. act as a _________ binding cells to each other and to the substratum in biofilms

h. contribute to ___________________________

a = ?

gummy exterior

Capsules and Slimes:

a._____________________________ composed of about 2% carbohydrate and 98% water

b. provides a _________________ to the cell

c. offer protection against _________________

d. provide a ____________________ against penetration of biocides, disinfectants and positively charged antibiotics

e. protect from ______________ by the immune system

f. protect against by phagocytes and protozoa

g. act as a _________ binding cells to each other and to the substratum in biofilms

h. contribute to ___________________________

b = ?

desiccation

Capsules and Slimes:

a._____________________________ composed of about 2% carbohydrate and 98% water

b. provides a _________________ to the cell

c. offer protection against _________________

d. provide a ____________________ against penetration of biocides, disinfectants and positively charged antibiotics

e. protect from ______________ by the immune system

f. protect against by phagocytes and protozoa

g. act as a _________ binding cells to each other and to the substratum in biofilms

h. contribute to ___________________________

c = ?

protective barrier

Capsules and Slimes:

a._____________________________ composed of about 2% carbohydrate and 98% water

b. provides a _________________ to the cell

c. offer protection against _________________

d. provide a ____________________ against penetration of biocides, disinfectants and positively charged antibiotics

e. protect from ______________ by the immune system

f. protect against by phagocytes and protozoa

g. act as a _________ binding cells to each other and to the substratum in biofilms

h. contribute to ___________________________

d = ?

detection

Capsules and Slimes:

a._____________________________ composed of about 2% carbohydrate and 98% water

b. provides a _________________ to the cell

c. offer protection against _________________

d. provide a ____________________ against penetration of biocides, disinfectants and positively charged antibiotics

e. protect from ______________ by the immune system

f. protect against by phagocytes and protozoa

g. act as a _________ binding cells to each other and to the substratum in biofilms

h. contribute to ___________________________

e = ?

engulfment

Capsules and Slimes:

a._____________________________ composed of about 2% carbohydrate and 98% water

b. provides a _________________ to the cell

c. offer protection against _________________

d. provide a ____________________ against penetration of biocides, disinfectants and positively charged antibiotics

e. protect from ______________ by the immune system

f. protect against by phagocytes and protozoa

g. act as a _________ binding cells to each other and to the substratum in biofilms

h. contribute to ___________________________

f = ?

cement

Capsules and Slimes:

a._____________________________ composed of about 2% carbohydrate and 98% water

b. provides a _________________ to the cell

c. offer protection against _________________

d. provide a ____________________ against penetration of biocides, disinfectants and positively charged antibiotics

e. protect from ______________ by the immune system

f. protect against by phagocytes and protozoa

g. act as a _________ binding cells to each other and to the substratum in biofilms

h. contribute to ___________________________

g = ?

bacterial virulence or pathogenicity

Capsules and Slimes:

a._____________________________ composed of about 2% carbohydrate and 98% water

b. provides a _________________ to the cell

c. offer protection against _________________

d. provide a ____________________ against penetration of biocides, disinfectants and positively charged antibiotics

e. protect from ______________ by the immune system

f. protect against by phagocytes and protozoa

g. act as a _________ binding cells to each other and to the substratum in biofilms

h. contribute to ___________________________

h = ?

alginate

Example of Capsules and Slimes that may be harvested and used variously as pharmaceutical aids, surgical dressings and drug delivery systems:

1. __________ produced by P. aeruginosa

2. __________ produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides

1 = ?

dextran

Example of Capsules and Slimes that may be harvested and used variously as pharmaceutical aids, surgical dressings and drug delivery systems:

1. __________ produced by P. aeruginosa

2. __________ produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides

2 = ?