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Stimulus
Any change in the environment that elicits a response from an organism.
What are the types of communication mechanisms?
Visual, Audible, tactile, chemical, and electrical signals.
Innate behaviors
genetically controlled; occur w/o prior experience
learned behaviors
developed as a result of experiences
Does natural selection favor learned or innate behaviors?
Natural selection can favor both. Innate behaviors are advantageous in stable environments, while learned behaviors are advantageous in changing conditions.
What are cooperative behaviors?
teamwork between species; increases individual fitness
What is an endotherm?
animals that generate their own body heat through metabolism
What is an ectotherm
animals that rely on external sources for body heat
What is an autotroph?
organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis (light) or chemosynthesis (chemicals)
What are heterotrophs?
organisms that obtain food by consuming other organisms
How do changes in availability affect the number and size of trophic levels?
Changes in resource availability and producer level can lead to fluctuations in population sizes at different trophic levels, which can affect ecosystem stability and biodiversity.
What are physiological mechanisms?
Physiological behaviors are the internal processes and responses These include responses like thermoregulation, hydration, and metabolic adjustments.
Altruistic Behavior
An act that increases inclusive fitness, reduces individual fitness
what are behavioral mechanisms?
Behavioral mechanisms are physical actions or strategies that organisms use to respond to environmental stimuli.
What is thigmotropism?
How a plant responds to touch
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