Pre AP World Review Quiz 2 Prep 26-62

The Arabian Peninsula

a peninsula between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf

manorialism

Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land.

Urban II

Called First Crusade in 1095; appealed to Christians to mount military assault to free the Holy Land from the Muslims.

intolerance

A lack of acceptance of another person's opinions, beliefs, or actions (impact of the Crusades)

Theodora

the wife of Justinian, she helped to improve the status of women in the Byzantinian Empire and encouraged her husband to stay in Constntinople and fight the Nike Revolt.

Cyril and Methodius

Byzantine missionaries sent to convert eastern Europe and Balkans; responsible for creation of Slavic written script called Cyrillic.

Tang Dynasty (618 CE)

Post Classical Era 1: 500 CE to 1000 CE; Scholar Gentry in East Asia emerged

Neo Confucianism

philosophy that the world is real and good comes from participation in it - not withdrawal

Champa

Fast growing rice, caused population boom in China

Kublai Khan

(1215-1294) Grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China.

Madinah Compact

Muhammad laid the foundation of Islamic state, decreed that all Muslims were to place loyalty to the Islamic community above loyalty to their tribe

Shariah

a law code drawn up by Muslim scholars after Muhammad's death; it provided believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives

Caliph

A supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government

Umayyad Caliphate

(661-750 CE) The Islamic caliphate that established a capital at Damascus, conquered North Africa, the Iberian Pennisula, Southwest Asia, and Persia, and had a bureaucracy with only Arab Muslims able to be a part of it.

Abbasid Caliphate

750-1258; Built Baghdad on the banks of the Tigris River (Present day Iraq) and made it the new capital.

Ottomans

Responsible for the conquest of Constantinople in 1453

Charlemagne

nearly doubled the borders of his kingdom to include Germany, France, northern Spain, and most of Italy

diaspora

the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel

feudalism

A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land

Monasticism

A way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith

secular

worldly

Republic

A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting

North Africa

Free grain was imported into Rome from

Pax Romana

A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180.

Coliseum, Circus Maximus, Aqueducts

Architectural achievement(s) of the Pax Romana

Christianity and Buddhism

spread in the wake of collapsing empires.

arithmetic and geometry

Topics studied in Athenian schools

philosophy

love of wisdom and knowledge

Alexander's Empire

stretched from Egypt and Macedonia in the west to the Indus River in the east

Hellenistic

Greek ways mixed with other cultures