Double Science Physics - Energy Systems

Power

How quickly work is done / energy is gained or lost.

Latent heat of fusion

The amount of energy required to change state from solid to liquid or from liquid to solid without a change in temperature.

Law of conservation of energy

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. It only can be transformed or transferred.

Energy Bar Chart

Visual representation of the total energy of a system at two instants in time.

Mass

The amount of matter something contains. The more matter the greater the mass. Measured in kg.

Weight

The effect of gravity on the mass of an object. Weight is a force, so it is measured in Newtons (N)

Kinetic energy

Energy of an object due to its motion. Any object that is moving has kinetic energy.

Gravitational potential energy

When an object is lifted against the force of gravity there is an increase in gravitiational potential energy. The amount of Ep depends on the height of the object and its mass.

Friction

Occurs when two surfaces move against each other, causing resistance. This resistance transforms kinetic energy into thermal energy.

Energy efficiency

the ratio of useful output energy to the total input energy in a system, expressed as a transforms kinetic energy into thermal energy.

Work

transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied to an object, causing it to move in the direction of the force. When work is done on an object, it can transfer energy into or out of a system.

Particle theory of matter

States that all matter is made of particles; particles are always moving; temperature affects the speed at which the particles are moving.