OSHA Final Exam

The maximum travel distance from any point of the protected area to the nearest fire extinguisher shall not exceed ____ feet.

100

All hand and power tools, whether paid for by the employer or employee, shall be ______ in a safe condition.

Maintained

Whenever practicable, all arc welding and cutting operations shall be _____ to protect employees and other persons working in the vicinity.

Shielded

Failure to inspect for oil or grease fittings, valves, or the cap threads on a cylinder of oxygen can result in _______.

A fire or explosion

An "assured equipment grounding program" deals with the cord-set and receptacles which are not part of the _____ wiring of the building or structure.

Permanent

___ volts or greater is the maximum voltage before guarding is required against accidental contact by cabinets, other forms of enclosures, or by location in a room or enclosure only accessible to qualified persons (electricians).

50

The practice of connecting two metallic objects to prevent static sparks is called ____.

Bonding

Before the start of any work covered under subpart v- power transmission and distribution, existing conditions are determined by an _____ or a test.

Inspection

Eye and face protection equipment used to protect against hazards shall meet the requirements specified in ANSI Z____

87.1

Respirators used in the construction industry are covered under OSHA standard 1910.___

134

Accident prevention signs such as; danger, caution, and exit signs shall be ____ when work is being performed.

Visible

A material chute used during demolition operations must be enclosed when its angle is equal to or greater than ___ degrees from the horizontal.

45

____ feet is the trigger height when the masonry walls must be braced.

8

When a masonry wall is being constructed, a limited access zone at least the height of the wall plus a minimum of ___ feet tall shall be established on the side of the wall without scaffolding.

4

Except for extra-heavy-duty metal or plastic portable ladders, all portable ladders must support ______ times the maximum intended load.

3.3

Portable ladders with structural defects such as, broken or missing rungs or split rails shall be ______ from service until repaired.

Removed

According to OSHA, portable containers used to provide drinking water shall be tightly closed and equipped with a ___.

Tap

____ contaminants are toxic to both male and female reproductive systems and can create significant exposures to workers removing paint from bridges, renovating residences, and demolishing or salvaging structures.

Lead

Rigging equipment for material handling shall be inspected prior to each use on each ____ and as necessary during use.

Shift

______ __________ must have the authority to stop and refuse to handle crane loads until a qualified person has determined that safety has been assured.

Crane operators

During crane operations when signaling is required, if the signals are interrupted the crane operator should safely ____ operations requiring signals until they are reestablished.

Stop

The ____ is responsible to train signal persons to meet the 1926.1428 standard.

Employer

The material used in rollover protection structures must have the capability of performing at ____ degrees Fahrenheit.

0

The operator training requirements for rough-terrain industrial trucks used in the construction industry are covered under OSHA standard 1910.___ Powered Industrial Trucks.

178

OSHA’s focus four injuries are:

Falls, caught-in, struck by, and electrical

OSHA’s mission is to save _________ and prevent __________

Lives; injuries

OSHA’s primary method of enforcement of safety regulations is through ____________

Inspections

OSHA was formed because __________ were increasing

Injuries and illnesses

OSHA was signed into law by who?`

President Nixon in December of 1970

In the correct order, what is OSHA’s inspection priority?

1. Imminent danger

2. Fatality / hospitalization

3. Workers complaints

4. Targeted inspections

5. Follow-up inspections

How much is a willful fine / citation?

Up to $134,937

How much is a serious & other than serious fine / citation?

Up to $13,494

How much is a repeated fine / citation?

Up to $134,937

What does the general duty clause (section 5(A)(1)) state?

The employer MUST provide a workplace free from RECOGNIZED hazards.

PPE

Personal protection equipment

Effects of workplace injuries and illnesses can include:

Lowered morale, increased costs to retain workers, slower production rates, higher turnovers, increased workers compensation

Where are OSHA standards found?

In the 29 CFR.

What part contains recordkeeping standrards?

Part 1904

What part contains general industry standards?

Part 1910

What part contains construction industry standards?

Part 1915

What standard applies to ALL industries?

Horizontal standard

What part applies only to CERTAIN industries?

Vertical standard

How are direct costs usually paid?

By submitting claims to INSURANCE companies.

What are some examples of a direct cost?

Medical costs, physical therapy, repairs, damaged equipment

Are indirect costs easy to identify and quantity?

No, not easy.

Who are indirect costs usually paid by?

The employer

What are some examples of indirect costs?

Loss of efficiency, and time lost from work

A company’s ________________ is determined by the company’s own record of accident and losses

Experience Modification Rate

EMR (Experience Modification Rate) = Actual losses / expected losses

__________ + _____________ = INJURY

Hazard + Exposure

What is the best method to prevent injuries?

Completely prevent the hazard before it can get in the way

Second best way to prevent injuries?

Eliminate the hazard before it can become an issue

Third best way to prevent an injury?

Is to control the exposure

Preferred method to control exposure?

Engineer controls

Second best way to control exposure?

Through administrative controls

Least preferred way to control exposure?

Usage of PPE

Incident rates allow for a comparative level of injuries between different…

Industries, organizations, or operations

What’s the formula for incident rate?

# of accidents x 200k / Employee hours worked

The typical incident formula is based on what?

On 100 workers working 200k hours per year.

TRIR stands for

Total Recordable Incident Rate

DART stands for

Days Away Restricted Transferred

What are the three parts of an OSHA inspection?

The opening conference, worksite walk-around, and closing conference

What companies are only allowed to have a focused OSHA inspection?

Construction companies

What is the first thing an OSHA CSHO will determine when they arrive to a site to conduct a focused inspection?

They will determine whether there is project coordination by the general contractor

What is the second thing an OSHA CSHO will determine when they arrive to a site to conduct a focused inspection?

They will review the projects safety and health program plan for adequacy

What is the third thing an OSHA CSHO will determine when they arrive to a site to conduct a focused inspection?

They will determine if there is a competent person.

What happened if the CSHO does not find that a company qualifies for a focused inspection?

They will receive a comprehensive inspection.

The purpose of an OSHA compliance directive e (CPL) is to insure what?

A consistent enforcement of OSHA regulations.

The four types and definitions of employers in a multi-employer situation are…

Creating, exposing, correcting, and controlling the employer.

What is the first thing an employer must show to provide a defense against a citation in a multi-employer situation?

They did not cause the hazard to exist

What is the second thing an employer must show to provide a defense against a citation in a multi-employer situation?

They did not directly control conditions causing the hazard

What is the third thing an employer must show to provide a defense against a citation in a multi-employer situation?

They took the responsible steps to notify the party charged with the cause and control of the hazard

What is the fourth thing an employer must show to provide a defense against a citation in a multi-employer situation?

They had taken reasonable steps to keep employees away from the hazard

When should employers provide fall protection?

When unprotected sides and edges are 6 feet above ground level

Three types of conventional fall protection are?

Guardrails, Personal Fall Arrest Systems, and safety nets

What does the TOP RAIL of a guardrail consist of?

A rail that must be 42 inches high +- 3 inches that can hold 200lbs.

What does the MID RAIL of a guardrail consist of?

A rail that must be halfway and hold 150lbs.

What does the TOE RAIL of a guardrail consist of?

A rail that must be 4 inches high and hold 50lbs.

What does a PFA consist of?

Anchorage point (can hold 5000lbs per worker), body harness, lanyard / connector

When stopping a fall, a personal fall arrest system shall bring an employee to a complete stop and limit the maximum deceleration distance to how many feet?

3.5 feet

Personal fall arrest systems (PFA’s), when stopping a fall, shall be rigged such that an employee cannot free more than __________ feet or contact any lower level

6 feet

Safety nets must be as ___________ to the workers as possible, and be ______ tested

Close as practicable, under the surface; drop tested

When mechanical equipment is being used perpendicular to the roof edge, the warning lines cannot be closer than how many feet?

10 feet

OSHA requires that scaffolding being erected, moved, dismantled, or altered be…?

Supervised by a competent person

On temporary stairs, handrails (to provide adequate handholds for employees grasping to prevent falling) shall have a minimum clearance of how many inches between the handrail and walls?

3 inches

A controlled decking zone can only be used as fall protection up to a maximum height of how many feet?

30 feet

OSHA defines excavation as any man-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in the earths surface formed by _______ removal.

EARTH

A trench is defined as a narrow underground excavation that is ________ than it is wide

Deeper

A trench cannot be wider than how many feet?

15 feet

Cave-in protection is required for excavations greater than ______________________, UNLESS they are entirely in solid stable rock.

5 feet in depth

A ladder must be provided every ____ feet for excavations greater than ______ feet in depth

25 feet; 4 feet

Spoil piles, material, and equipment must be kept how many feet away from the excavation?

2 feet away

Excavation inspections must be conducted how frequently?

Daily, before start of work

Excavation inspection must be conducted to determine soil _____________

Classification

Types of cave-in protection

Sloping, shoring, shielding, benching

Stablerock

Natural solid mineral material that can be excavated with vertical sides

¨TYPE A SOIL: Cohesive soil with an unconfined compressive strength of ________ per square foot tsf

1.5 tons

Type B soil: cohesive soils with an unconfined compressive strength greater than _______ but less than 1.5 tsf

0.5 tsf

Type C soil: cohesive soils with an unconfined compressive strength of ______ or ________

0.5 tsf or less

Type A soil can be sloped at a ratio of 1 / 2 : 1 if the excavation will be open for less than 24 hours and is less than _____ feet in depth.

12 feet in depth