2.1: Resources and reserves

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13 Terms

1

resources

the stock or supply of materials that are available in a given context

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2

renewable resources

a natural resource that can replenish with the passage of time or does not abate at all

  • A natural resource qualifies as a renewable resource if it is replenished by natural processes at a rate almost the same as its rate of consumption by humans or other users.

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3

replenish definition

can be used and then naturally restored to its previous state or quantity without depleting the overall supply permanently

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4

what renewable resource requires careful management?

  • plantation of timber

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5

what renewable resources are inexhaustable?

  • wind

  • solar

  • hydro

  • wave

  • tidal

  • thermal

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6

renewability

a resource that is inexhaustible therefore can be replenished quick enough.

e.g hardwood trees (such as many rainforest species) take a fair bit of time to mature to a point where is is useable as a resource, therefore, it is considered non-renewable. On the other hand, softwoods (such as pines or conifers) mature more quickly and are considered a renewable resource.

  • fresh drinking water

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7

non-renewable resources

A natural resource that does not replenish at a sustainable rate; a source that will run out if the rate of extraction is maintained.

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8

examples of non-renewable resources

fossil fuels

  • oil

  • natural gas

  • coal

  • nuclear energy

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9

benefits and disadvantages of non-renewable resources

benefits:

  • useful sources of energy- needed to manufacture products and provide power to businesses, factories and homes.

disadvantages:

  • resources are running out and the human dependency on them is very high.

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10

reserves

A natural resource that has been identified in terms of quantity and quality

  • A proven reserve are those resources that can be economically and technically extracted.

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11

what is an example of reserves that exist but aren’t viable?

gold in seawater

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12

Economic and political issues of extracting oil/ materials from reserves

  • Governments need to balance the economic benefits and political impact (including social aspects) of resource extraction.

  • Often, multinational companies licensed to extract resources have limited consideration for the local population.

  • The economic and political importance of material and land resources and reserves considering…

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13
  • The economic and political importance of material and land resources and reserves considering…

  • set-up cost – typically are high and perhaps national/local governments cannot afford to set-up the infrastructure and the extraction site so outside multi-nationals could be invited.

  • efficiency of conversion – 

  • sustainable and constant supply – 

  • social impact – can bring jobs (skilled and unskilled) and wealth, employment could be permanent or temporary (short term excavation/extraction),

  • environmental impact – as mentioned above

  • decommissioning – economically quite expensive especially with  nuclear reactors

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