Effect Sizes and Confidence Intervals

A set of vocabulary flashcards focused on key concepts related to effect sizes and confidence intervals.

Effect Size

A quantitative measure of the strength or magnitude of a phenomenon or relationship between variables.

Standardized Mean Difference

A way to measure the effect of an intervention by standardizing the difference in means, often expressed in terms of standard deviations.

Confidence Interval

A range of values that is likely to contain the population parameter with a specified level of confidence, usually expressed as a percentage (e.g., 95%).

Cohen's d

A measure of effect size that expresses the standardized difference between two means.

Pearson's r

A measure of the strength and direction of association between two continuous variables.

Odds Ratio

A measure used in statistical analysis that quantifies the odds of an event occurring in one group relative to the odds of it occurring in another group.

Alpha Level

The threshold set by researchers to determine statistical significance, often set at 0.05.

Protective Factor

An exposure or characteristic that decreases the likelihood of a negative outcome.

Risky Factor

An exposure or characteristic that increases the likelihood of a negative outcome.

Small Effect Size (Cohen's d)

An effect size of approximately 0.2, indicating a small magnitude of effect.

Medium Effect Size (Cohen's d)

An effect size of approximately 0.5, indicating a moderate magnitude of effect.

Large Effect Size (Cohen's d)

An effect size of approximately 0.8, indicating a large magnitude of effect.

Dichotomous Variable

A variable that has two categories or levels, such as yes/no, or true/false.

Precision of Estimate

The degree to which the confidence interval is narrow or wide, indicating the reliability of the effect size.

Statistical Significance Testing

A method for determining if the results of a study are likely to be due to chance or reflect a true effect.