Cellular Biology - Quick Recall

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key concepts in cellular biology for quick memorization and recall.

What is the role of protein pumps in membrane transport?

Energy transport, against concentration gradient.

What happens to a cell when placed in a hypotonic solution?

Water enters, swells.

What happens to a cell when placed in a hypertonic solution?

Water leaves, shrinks.

What is the primary function of the nucleus and in which cell type is it found?

DNA control, eukaryotes.

What is the defining characteristic and function of the large central vacuole?

Plant water storage.

What are centrioles and what is their role in the cell?

Animal cell division.

What is the phospholipid bilayer and its significance to all cells?

Cell membrane barrier.

Differentiate between vacuoles in animal cells and the large central vacuole in plant cells.

Small vs. large storage.

What is homeostasis in the context of cells?

Maintain stable internal environment.

What is a concentration gradient?

Difference in solute amount.

Define diffusion.

Movement of substances from high to low concentration.

What is facilitated diffusion?

Protein-aided transport, requires no energy.

What are prokaryotic cells?

Cells with no nucleus, simple structure.

What are eukaryotic cells?

Cells with a nucleus, organelles, and complex structure.

How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in how they house their DNA and the presence of a nucleus?

Prokaryotes have no nucleus; eukaryotes have a nucleus.

What is the cytoplasm and how is it similar in both cell types?

The cell jelly that contains cellular contents.

What is the function of the Rough ER and in which cell type is it found?

Protein synthesis, found in eukaryotes.

What is the function of the Smooth ER and in which cell type is it found?

Lipid synthesis, found in eukaryotes.