infant exam 1

prenatal

up to birth

infancy and toddlerhood

0-3

early childhood

3-6

middle childhood

6-11

adolescence

11-20

inborn

autonomic function

heredity

inborn traits we inherit (genetics, nature)

envrionment

childs situation or experience (nurture)

maturation

unfolding of natural sequence of events (predictable)

nuclear fam

immediate family within household

extended family

everyone else in the kinship

culture

customs, traditions, and values that are learned

ethnic group

group that is tied by culture, religion, ancestory

SES

income, job status, education, opportunities

ethnic gloss

overgeneralize about an ethnic group (all black people are like this…)

normative event

normal, typical

age graded- normal experiences for kids at that age

history graded- similar experiences for kids at a formative time (internet kids)

non normative

unusual experiences that impact ones life

ex: death of a parent at young age, childhood cancer

critical

rigid , certain time when an event has to happen

sensitive

fluid, ideal time like language or social development

active vs. passive

child is actively shaping development (organismic) environment shapes (mechanistic)

continuity vs. discontinuity

small changes that build at a gradual, continuous slope. huge dramatic changes

temperament

beginning of their personality

easy, slow to warm, difficult

psychoanalytic

freud

unconscious motivations that drive behavior

ID

there when born, basic instincts (sex, aggression) devil

pleasure principle: immediate gratification right then and there

Ego

decision maker, balance between devil and angel reality principle: satisfy needs without trouble

Superego

angel, moral compass or conscious between 5-7

Internalize how parents raise them

libido

sexual energy

fixation

gratify at each stage at appropriate level

if you dont gratify it they get stuck at that stage and then devekop fixations later in life

oral

birth-18 months

focus is on mouth

why babies love to suck on everything

fixation: chewing gum, nail biting, smoking, overeating

anal

12-18 months- 3 years

toddler

potty training

fixation- messy vs clean

phallic

preschool 3-6

genitals but in a symbolic way

Oedipus- boys want sex with mom but can’t bc dad is there being bigger and stronger, so they become bffs with dad. emulate dad to become men

Electra complex- girls go through penis envy and want sex with dad bc he has the penis, so she becomes bffs with mom