ANSC 330 Lecture 7 Digestive systems, segments, and functions

For hindgut fermenters, what is the role of intestinal microorganisms?

Breakdown feedstuffs and make nutrients available to the host

Through what process does feedstuff digestion take place?

Fermentation

The foregut of a horse is composed of what two organs?

Stomach and small intestine

What percent does the foregut make up in a horse's digestive tract?

37%

The hindgut of a horse is composed of what 3 organs?

Small colon, large colon, cecum

What percent does the hindgut make up in a horse's digestive tract?

63%

A horse is an example of what kind of fermenters?

Colonic

What is considered the stomach in poultry?

Proventriculus

What is the main functions of the stomach mucosa and muscular layers?

Digestion, immune response, and perstalsis

What are thr three gastric glands?

Parietal, chief, and neuroendocrine

What are the main causes of stomach ulcers in a horse?

Lack of adequate forage supply and presence or excess of grain cereal in diet

What 3 sections make up the small intestine?

Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

The small intestine consists of secretions from what two organs?

Pancreas and liver

The small intestine mucosa is responsible for what?

Secretion of digestive juices and absorption of nutrients

What makes up the large intestine?

Colon, cecum, rectum

Large intestine supports fermentation of what nutrients?

Carbs and proteins

The large intestine is responsible for what?

Absorption of organic acids and water

For colonic fermenters, what is the order of the colon's sections?

1st: Right ventral colon
2nd: Left ventral colon
3rd: Left dorsal colon
4th: Right dorsal colon

What three sectors is the stomach made up of in colonic fermenters?

Cardiac, fundus, and pyloric

What are the two main stomach secretions of colonic fermenters (swine)?

HCl and pepsinogen

In the small intestine, what are the main sites of nutrient absorption?

jejunum and ileum

What three enzymes make up the pancreas?

Lipase, a-Amylase, and proteases

Lipase cleaves what?

Ester bonds

a-Amylase cleaves what?

Glycosidic bonds

Proteases cleaves what?

Peptide bonds

What primary component of bile makes up the liver and what is it needed for?

Bile salts make up bile and are needed for breakdown of fats, digestion aid, absorption of vitamins, and elimination of metabolites

In the duodenum, villi breakdown what three enzymes?

Lactose, starches, and disaccharides

In the duodenum, what is considered the enzyme activators?

Mucosal cells

What is the main site of nutrient absorption?

Small intestine

Fiber digestion is fermented to what?

VFA (Volatile Fatty Acids)