Statements: types of arguments

Statement

An utterance that can be classified as either true or false.

Argument

A set of statements where one conclusion is supposed to follow from one or more premises.

Deductive Argument

An argument where the truth of the premises guarantees the truth of the conclusion.

Inductive Argument

An argument that makes the conclusion probable but does not guarantee it.

Objective Fact Statement

A statement that can be verified as true or false, such as 'Trenton is the capital of New Jersey.'

Subjective Fact Statement

A statement based on personal opinion or belief, such as 'I think Paris is the capital of France.'

Causal Argument

An inductive argument where the conclusion is based on a cause-and-effect relationship.

Statistical Argument

An inductive argument based on survey or poll data that aims to forecast an outcome.

Argument by Analogy

An argument that claims two things are similar based on known similarities, used to draw a conclusion.

Appeal to Authority

An argument that cites an expert's opinion as support for the conclusion.

Categorical Argument

A deductive argument that involves statements about categories or classes.

Syllogism

A form of deductive reasoning where a conclusion is drawn from two given or assumed propositions.