Menstrual Cycle and Fertilization

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the menstrual cycle, hormone regulation, and fertilization processes.

Menstruation

The shedding of the endometrium or uterine lining when no pregnancy is detected.

Follicular Phase

The first half of the menstrual cycle that involves the development of several follicles.

Estrogen

A hormone secreted by maturing follicles that promotes the repair and development of the uterine lining.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

A hormone that stimulates the maturation of several follicles but decreases once one matures.

Luteal Phase

The phase after ovulation when the corpus luteum develops and secretes progesterone and estrogen.

Corpus Luteum

The ruptured follicle that forms after ovulation and secretes progesterone.

Ovulation

The release of a mature egg from the Graafian follicle triggered by a spike in luteinizing hormone (LH).

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A hormone that spikes at ovulation and triggers the release of a mature egg.

Zygote

The cell formed by the fusion of a sperm and an egg, containing genetic material from both parents.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

A reproductive technology where fertilization occurs outside the body to assist with conception.

Negative Feedback

A process where high levels of a hormone inhibit its own production, such as estrogen inhibiting FSH secretion.