Eukaryotic Cells Review

Flashcards for reviewing key concepts related to eukaryotic cells, focusing on structures and functions of the nucleus and ribosomes.

Eukaryotic cells have a __ nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles enclosed within a plasma membrane.

true

The cytoplasmic solution, __, participates in energy metabolism and molecular synthesis.

cytosol

The __ envelope separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.

nuclear

A network of protein filaments called __ line and strengthen the nuclear envelope in animal cells.

lamins

Hundreds of nuclear pore complexes are embedded in the __ envelope.

nuclear

The nuclear pore complexes are formed from many types of proteins called __.

nucleoporins

Small molecules pass unassisted through nuclear pores, but larger molecules (e.g., __ and proteins) are carried through by a transport protein acting as a chaperone.

RNA

Proteins destined for the nucleus contain a ‘tag’ known as a __.

nuclear localization signal

The __ is the liquid/semi-liquid substance inside the nucleus.

nucleoplasm

Chromatin is a combination of __ and proteins that fills most of the nucleus.

DNA

A __ is one complete DNA molecule with its associated proteins.

chromosome

Eukaryotic ribosomes are either free in the cytosol or __ to membranes.

attached

Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger than prokaryotic ribosomes and contain 4 types of __ and about 80 proteins.

rRNA

Proteins made by free ribosomes in the cytosol either remain there or pass through the __ into the nucleus.

nuclear pores

Proteins that enter the nucleus become part of the __, the lamins, or remain in the nucleoplasm.

chromatin

Proteins made by ribosomes attached to the nuclear envelope or ER follow a special path to other __ within the cell.

organelles