Enzymes - globular catalysts of metabolism with an active site

what are enzymes and when are they effective

[biological] catalysts effective in small amounts

what do they do

speed up a biological reaction but are unchanged by the reaction

what are they otherwise known as

globular proteins composed of one or more polypetides; 3D structure affected by temp and pH

rate of reaction

amount of product produced per unit time, speed at which a biochemical reaction is taling place

metabolism

network of interdependent and interacting biochemical reactions occurring in organisms

what does the use of enzymes do

biochemical reactions happen faster

importance of enzymes

• specific to their substrate

• all different metabolic reactions can be carefully controlled

what are the two subdivisions of metabolism

anabolism and catabolism

anabolism

small molecuels are assembled into large ones, energy is required

catabolism

large molecules are broken down into small ones, energy is released

globular protien

enzyme, such as helicase in DNA acts as a catalyst for biochemical reactions

what do the amino acids form in proteins

long chains that twsit into globular molecules

active site

region of polar amino acids on the surface of the enzyme

substrate

reactant in a biochemical reaction, forming an enzyme-substrate complex

enzyme-substrate complex

temporary structure formed when a substrate binds to the active site