AP Bio: Unit 0

Emergent Properties

properties that emerge as you increase complexity

when life becomes an emergent property

looking at cells

biosphere

all life on earth and all places it exists

ecosystems

all living things and all non living things in an area

community

all organisms in an ecosystem

population

all the individuals of a species in a specific area

organism

individual living things

organ/organ systems

a body part made of individual tissues with a specific function/groups of organs

tissues

group of cells working together to perform a specific function

cells

structure unit of organization able to perform all activities for life; basic unit of structure and function

organelles

functional components inside cells

molecules

chemical structures made of 2 or more atoms

eukaryotic cell

membrane enclosed organelles

prokaryotic cell

lacks nucleus and membrane bound organelles

DNA

genetic material making up chromosomes

genes

sections of DNA encoding information to build all molecules made in a cell

genome

all the genetic information an organism inherits

eukarya kingdoms

plantae, fungi, animalia

two main points of Darwin’s The Origin of Species

descent with modification, through natural selection

natural selection

individuals vary in traits, populations produce more offspring than can survive, species best suited to environment increase

quantitative data

numbers organized in tables or graphs and can include frequency or duration

qualitative data

descriptions of what is observed

why do scientists use statistics?

to see if data is significant or random fluctuations

hypothesis

explanation based on observations and assumptions that leads to a testable prediction

can hypotheses be proved?

no, it is not possible to collect all the data there is in order to prove that it isn’t false