Introduction to Mixtures and Distillation

Flashcards covering the basics of chemical mixtures, solutions, and the laboratory process of distillation based on lecture notes.

A __________ is a physical blend of two or more components that can be taken apart.

mixture

A __________ mixture is one where the composition is not uniform and you can see different things within it.

heterogeneous

A __________ mixture looks the same throughout because the components are mixed to a point where they cannot be told apart.

homogeneous

If a homogeneous mixture is a liquid, it is specifically referred to as a __________.

solution

The __________ is the substance that is being dissolved, such as antacid tablets or Kool-Aid mixture.

solute

The __________ is the component of a solution present in the greater amount, which is usually water.

solvent

One factor affecting how quickly something dissolves is __________; the warmer it gets, the quicker things will dissolve.

temperature

Reducing __________ by chopping a substance into small pieces helps it dissolve or melt more quickly.

particle size

The process of __________ involves using a funnel and a circular piece of paper folded in quarters to separate solid stuff from liquid stuff.

filtration

The five basic parts of a distillation apparatus include the thermometer, distillation flask, Bunsen burner, __________, and receiving flask.

condensing tube

In the distillation experiment, Liquid 1 is water and Liquid 2 is __________.

ethyl alcohol

One of the key observations distinguishing the two liquids is that Liquid 2 is __________ while Liquid 1 is not.

flammable

During distillation, the solution boils and turns into a __________ before entering the condensing tube.

gas

Inside the condensing tube, the gas __________ back into a liquid state.

condensates

The final conclusion of the experiment is that ethyl alcohol separates first because it has a __________.

lower boiling point