SCOM Flashcards: Key Concepts and Definitions in Communication Studies

In a dyad, as one person is speaking, the other may be framing a reply. Which communication model is illustrated by this example

Transactional communication

You are attending a political rally. When the candidate begins to speak about the Second Amendment and gun rights, you mentally evaluate the merits of their statements. You are BEST identified as engaging in ____ listening

Critical

You tell your teacher you missed class because your grandmother died. You exhibit nervous mannerisms when you speak and avoid looking the teacher in the eyes. She may not believe you because

We attribute non-verbal communication to someone’s credibility more than verbal communication

Jim is attending a political rally. As the candidate begins speaking about her plan for a national health care system, Jim mentally evaluates the merits of her statements. This an example of

critical listening

Prior to developing his persuasive speech, Kamal decided to poll the audience about their values, beliefs, and attitudes on his selected topic. Kamal's audience analysis is an example of what type of analysis?

demographic audience analysis

You are giving a speech on spiders. You paraphrase information you found on a website but you fail to credit the course. What mistake have you made?

you have engaged in plagiarism

Raja, a 38 year old father of two, is at his child's parent-teacher conference. Which of the following topics would be MOST appropriate for him to start his conversation with the teacher?

The weather forecast

Sonja: I am so angry that I got a B on my science test today. I studied for 3 hours!

Jill: So you're upset that your grade did not reflect your efforts?

Jill's response is an example of

Paraphrasing

Given the task of preparing a speech, Susan decides to speak from an outline that can help conversation and spontaneous. She wants to be able to adapt her remarks to the feedback received from the audience. She also wants to make more eye contact with the audience. What method of delivery will be best, given Susan's speech goals?

Extemporaneous delivery

Margaret is a communication major. She is helping another student improve his class presentation. They work together for an hour. Afterwards, Margaret is mentally and physically exhausted. What kind of listening might Margaret's exhaustion indicate?

active/empathetic listening

Samier uses his experience as an emergency medical technician (EMT) to encourage students to learn CPR. He is demonstrating what kind of proof?

Ethos

You are guilty of committing plagiarism when you

Fail to cite the source for your statistics

Your roommate has a habit of smoking in your room. When he doesn't stop doing this after a warning, you say: "Put that cigarette out now, and I REALLY mean it this time!" When you emphasize the word "really" by yelling it, aspects of nonverbal communication are you utilizing?

Paralanguage

Desirae has found a chart that indicates that young people who finish college have much greater earning potential than those who don't. She wants to use this in her presentation on the value of a university education. While creating her citation she discovers that the chart was produced by a bank that provides student loans. She should:

Try to locate an unbiased source

Which of the following would be considered an example of unethical communication?

A speaker who uses fake statistics

Elizabeth's mom forwards her an email warning her not to drink water from a plastic bottle that has been left in a warm car. The email warning states that heat causes toxins to be released into the water. The email did not cite any sources or indicate who authored the warning. Elizabeth is worried because she drinks water left in her car all the time. She should:

Verify the information from a reputable source

You are trying to make an audience receptive to your proposal to legalize the recreational use of marijuana at the federal level. Which of the following characteristics of the audience should you be MOST aware?

The attitudes of the audience

When preparing a speech to deliver to an audience, when should speakers begin to analyze their audience?

Before they choose a organizational pattern

You shake your head rapidly from side to side as you say in a loud voice "Don't even think about taking that last piece of cake "This is an example of the _______ function of nonverbal communication

Paralanguage or regulation

.Tina has finished her speech on charter schools. As she is putting together her bibliography she realizes she has quoted a source she can no longer locate. Tina should:

Remove the quote from her speech

Bree was planning a speech on the environmental impact of the eruption of Mt. St. Helens, which occured in 1981. She planned to organize her speech by starting at the area immediately around the cone, discuss the impact on the areas directly east of the mountain, and then move counterclockwise to the north and west of the mountain. What type of organizational pattern was she using?

A spatial pattern

When we attempt to feel what another person feels, or attempt to understand another person feels, or attempt to understand another person from his or her perspective, what are we experiencing

Empathy

As a speaker delivers their speech, the audience also participates in communication, intentionally or otherwise, by providing

Feedback

The following statements come from the body of the informative speech. Which of these statements is the main point

The downfall of this technology is that it may impede privacy rights or civil liberties

During her speech, Diane makes all of the following statements. "This year is likely to be the hottest year in recorded history" "One of the major causes of climate change is the behavior of human beings" "Eating imported food increases our carbon footprint" and "when possible, buy your fruit and vegetables from local suppliers" The best description of Diane's speech purpose is

Persuasive

Kathy is trying to find information to support her speech on the Great Pacific Garbage Patch of the Pacific Ocean. Which of the following information sources is MOST useful if she is trying to INFORM her audience about the history of the garbage patch?

The online encyclopedia Britannica

In your SCOM source, you are asked to evaluate your classmate's work. In one presentation, a student cites "Answers.com" as the source of information for her claim. What feedback statement would be most appropriate for that student?

Recommended she find a more scholarly source to support her claim

Empathic listening includes all of the following EXCEPT

agreement with the viewpoint of others

In her speech Eleanor quotes The Washington Post as reporting that only one-third of all high school graduates are prepared for college-level work. This is an example of what form of Aristotelian proof?

Logos

If you were giving a persuasive speech on gun control, the most important factor to consider in audience analysis would be the

attitudes of the audience.

Your friends were recently involved in an accident with their car. While they are not seriously injured physically, they are struggling to cope with all the issues that have emerged from the accident

- insurance, parents, the other driver, police, etc. Which of the forms of listening should you use when you have a conversation with them?

• Empathic listening

Kristin is a 21-year-old college student majoring in computer science. She has been assigned to deliver a PERSUASIVE SPEECH To her SCOM class. Although she is considering a variety of topics, her BEST choice is to talk about

How to keep your computer fast, safe, and good looking, and keep your hard drive clean.

A U.S. Senator dies during a reelection campaign. At the funeral her son and campaign manager use their eulogies to turn the service into a campaign rally for the replacement candidate. What fundamental aspect of the communication process has been violated?

Context

Albert holds certain beliefs about people who belong to fraternal organizations (fraternities and sororities). When he meets Eileen, who belongs to a sorority, he immediately reacts to her according t his set of beliefs about people who belong to those kinds of organizations. Which of the following concepts BEST explains Albert's attitudes?

Stereotype

After making a groundbreaking anthropological discovery, Ashley delivers a presentation to fellow anthropologists. During her speech, Ashley makes sure she does not speak too quickly or too slowly. In this instance, Ashley is working to control her

rate of speaking

Which of the following would be considered the LEAST biased source of information about religious beliefs?

A book on world religion

Mike is telling Tanya about the trouble with his roommate. As he is speaking, every so often Tanya says "uh huh," "ok," and nods her head. Tanya's listening behavior is an example of

pseudo-listening

Which of the following statements about eye contact during a public speech is FALSE?

Speakers should keep eye contact with their audience at all times

When used in a speech introduction, telling a story, asking a question, making a startling statement, and referencing the occasion are all methods of:

gaining the attention of the audience

Michael is working on a persuasive speech for his SCOM class on the health effects of childhood obesity. His claim is that this is a health crisis. Which of the following sources would help him accomplish this goal?

An article written by doctors documenting the increase in diabetes in children

You are an apartment complex manager. You receive a phone call from someone wanting to rent an apartment. The caller has a strong Jamaican accent. You worry that he may use the apartment for conducting illegal business. Your concerns demonstrate

Bias (Implicit Bias)

Jason is doing a presentation for SCOM and has to find one thing about JMU he would like to change and he has to use library resources and research to support his claims. He decides that he wants to talk about how he can't use his dining hall punches the way he wants to. He should:

Look in Research Databases for articles that discuss college dining options

Which organizational pattern would probably be most effective for a speech with the specific purpose statement, "To inform my audience about the major geographical regions of Brazil?"

A spatial pattern

Why would a professor restrict your use of sources to only the most current citations?

To restrict your work to only the most recent findings

Paralanguage includes all of the following EXCEPT

silence

Two American Students, Pat and Chris, are walking down the street when they see two Japanese students greet each other by bowing. Pat says, "I think its so much simpler to just shake hands like we do." Pat's statement is an example of ______

Ethnocentrism

When deciding to share information about her religious awakening, Asadi should

Talk with her roommate who shared a similar story last month

Greg should look for information when he

All of the above need information

Michelle and Jenda are talking about Jenda's recent date. Michelle makes eye contact and nods her head as she asks "So, what was he like?" Which of the following terms BEST describes Michelle's purpose? Michelle is

Encouraging Jenda to self-disclose

If you were giving a speech explaining the locations at which allied troops landed at Normandy on D-Day, what kind of visual aid would probably be most effective?

A map of normandy beach

Your friend just broke up with his significant other and asks you to meet him for dinner. You sit through dinner and listen to what happened, trying to understand how your friend is feeling. Which of the following terms BEST describes your behavior?

Empathetic

Rob, a 21 year old volunteer firefighter and college student, has been assigned to deliver a PERSUASIVE SPEECH to his beginning communication class. Although he is considering a variety of topics, his BEST choice is

FireIce - a new firefighting gel invented recently

Which of the following is the BEST indicator that an author is a credible authority on his or her subject?

The author has an advanced degree in the subject area

The schema we use when we go out to eat (for example, deciding where to go, getting there, waiting to be seated,etc.) is an example of?

Script

In Monroe's motivated sequence pattern, which of the following is the best example of the need step?

Because only 32% of college students vote in state elections they are underrepresented

You are angry at the driver of another car for cutting you off on the highway, recognizing that nonverbal communication can serve a variety of functions, which of the following nonverbal functions would you most likely rely on to make contact with the other driver

- regulation

A comparison of messages in verbal and nonverbal channels suggests that nonverbal messages are?

Delivered in a greater number of multiple channels

Which of the following statements best describes the male speaker's citation of a source? (this question has a video)

Citing a source is appropriate in casual conversation in order to make a point

Which of the following statements best characterizes the speaker in this video (this question has a video)

Because the speaker is not in the military she is neither biased or prejudiced

Which of the following solutions steps would be the most appropriate given the problem as outlined by the speaker (This question has a video)

The VA should make hospitals facilities female friendly

. When a teacher puts an arm around a student to confront him, which type if nonverbal communication is being used?

Haptics

When the ABC corporation initiated a "career alternative enhancement program" where they ultimately fired 5000 employees, they could be accused of using

A euphemism

As Joy leaves the restaurant with her friends she looks at her server and laughingly says "good meal", Joy's server isn't sure if she is being sincere or sarcastic, The uncertainty is likely a result of the fact that Joy's nonverbal behavior

Contradicts her verbal statement

John has convinced himself that he is poor at math. When he registers for his required math class he is convinced that he will earn a poor grade. As a result he rarely studies and receives a "D" in the class. Thus example most clearly demonstrates

A self fulfilling prophecy

A speaker decides to make a speech to the group Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) about lowering the drinking age in the United States. This scenario BEST illustrates which of the following

Poor audience analysis

The environment in which a communication event occurs is the

context

April is experiencing personal financial difficulties and wants to share that information with the person next to her on the bus. Appropriate self-disclosure says she should consider all of the following except

The emotional release she may experience by sharing this information.

Sean wants to compare law schools. Which of the following sources would provide him with the MOST useful information?

A Wall Street Journal news story about the 10 most highly rated law schools.

Jefferson gives the following introduction: "How many of you here consider yourself caffeine addicts? Caffeine is present in coffee, tea, and a large number of popular sodas, which all of us consume regularly. Every few months we hear about a new study that shows that caffeine is bad for us and another that says that it is good for us. What are we to believe? Today, I am going to give you some facts about caffeine and its effects on your body, both the benefits and the harms before finally explaining what is considered to be a "safe" level of caffeine consumption." Jefferson's purpose is MOST ACCURATELY identified as

informative

"The death penalty is morally wrong." This is a proposition of

value

Stating truthfully that we "don't know" when asked a question, should be labeled as

Offering appropriate feedback

You are standing on a subway platform and see your friend, Nigel, on the other side of the t Recognizing that nonverbal communication can serve a variety of functions, which of the following functions would you most likely rely on to make contact with him?

Kinesics

Within the modern study of communication, "context" could refer to any of the aspects below except

The volume of the communication message

During your speech, you want to offer a visual aid that shows the variety of violent crimes on our college campus during the 2019-2020 academic year. The best choice for a visual aid would be:

a map.

While taking her SCOM exam, Kristen encounters a question she is not certain about. She takes a moment and thinks to herself about the lecture from class that dealt with this content. She reflects on the lecture, recounting what she remembers, and weighs two possible answers. After thinking to herself about both answers, and talking them both through in her head, she makes her decision.

What form of communication did Kristen exhibit in this scenario?

Intrapersonal communication

. In searching for information sources to use in a speech, which of the following surveys would you find the MOST credible?

A university study by sociologists that concludes welfare payments are insufficient.

Kathy is trying to find information to support her speech on the Great Garbage Patch of the Pacific Ocean. Which of the following information sources is MOST useful if she is trying to PERSUADE her audience to take action?

An environmentalist's blog.

The following sequence is an example of a persuasive pattern: get attention, develop a need for a change, satisfy the need, use visualization, and ask for action. The pattern used is a

motivated sequence pattern (Monroe's)

Concerning culture, we can accurately say

it is learned.

The reason you should consider nonverbal messages as clues rather than facts is because

All of the above statements are true.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a critical listener?

A concern for only what is stated, not what is implied

The employment interview is one of those life experiences that follows a predictable series of events. This is referred to as a

script

When writing the outline for your persuasive speech, which of the statements would you use as support material?

Jet ski emissions can harm humans, animals, and plants, according to an Environmental Protection Agency press release dated June 9, 2011.

When nonverbal communication contradicts verbal messages, which of the following is true?

Listeners will probably believe the nonverbal message as the true message.

In preparation for the delivery of his persuasive speech advocating the importance of proper road maintenance, Abdullah chose to write his speech out fully and commit it to memory. What method of speaking did Abdullah embrace in this scenario?

Memorized speaking

Which information from the bibliographic entry below should you include in an oral citation to enhance your credibility? Buckley, Cara. (2012, October 29). Mix of panic and nonchalance for millions in storm's path. New York Times, p. 1.

The name of the author, the date it was published, and the name of the publication.

June wants to deliver a speech on postmortem photography in her communication class. Which of the following source citations would enhance her speaker credibility the LEAST?

Post-mortem photography. (2022). In Wikipedia. Retrieved November 20, 2022 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/post-mortem_photography.

The capacity of language to refer to things that are not in our immediate environment, that occurred in the distant past, or that have never existed is called

displacement