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Exempt Security
(the issuer is trust-worthy)
based on the safety of the investment
ex: treasury bonds, municipal bonds, foreign government bond (good relations), commercial paper, common carrier, mutual fund shares
Exempt Transaction
(purchasers are limited and wealthy)
one time thing like a coupon for registration, you can only use it once
ex: private placement & institutional trades between issuers and underwriters
Registration by Coordination
used for IPOs being conducted publicly for the first time
(registration statement must be filed, along with 3 copies of the latest prospectus that was filed with SEC
“best efforts” underwriting
Registration by Qualification
Intrastate offering; used when an issuer is not registering with the SEC
prospectus must be delivered to an investor prior to sale (when offer is made)
What is the statute of limitations for civil liabilities
3 years from the occurrence, 2 years from discovery (3O 2D)
Security
Investment of money in a common enterprise with an expectation of profits, from the efforts of others
Set by the Howie Test (Supreme Court Ruling)
Viatical Investment
the purchase of an interest in an insurance policy covering an individual’s life; illiquid
only suitable for accredited investors of those with a minimum net worth of $250,000 (no residence); net worth of $150,000 with annual income of $100,000
What is NOT a security
Life Insurance
Endowment Policy
Fixed Annuities
Commodities
Collectibles
Currencies
Condos as a business or place of residence
What is considered a security
Option
Receipt
Certificate
Variable
Interest in
Securities Act of 1933
requires securities to be registered with the SEC to be offered or sold; prevents fraud by requiring investors be provided w/ enough relevant information about the offering to make an informed decision
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
established the SEC and governs the secondary market
National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996 (NSMIA)
eliminates the duplication of state and federal regulations
Who do Broker-Dealers register with
SEC, FINRA, & States
Who do Agents register with
FINRA & States
Who do Investment Advisors register with
SEC OR State
Who do Investment Advisor Representatives register with
States only
Pegging
buying large amounts of securities, to keep the price from falling
Capping
sale of securities to keep price from rising
When does an IA not have to meet brochure requirements
if they are giving impersonal advice to someone who pays less than $500 in fees per year
Advising an investment company registered under Investment Company Act of 1940
How long does the Administrator have after an agents termination to pursue action
1 year