Healy Native Americans Test: Notes Review~Updated from Quizlet

What did the earth experience about 30,000 years ago?

An Ice Age

The Ice Age was a period of time in which the temperatures were ________ _________ and North America was covered in glaciers

very cold

What are large, slow moving sheets of ice called?

glaciers

It is believed that the early people crossed from Asia to North America by the Bering ___________.

land bridge

________________ was the wide area of land which humans crossed during the Ice Age on their way to North America from Asia.

Beringia

A movement of a large group of people into a new homeland is called _______________.

migration

The early Americans were _____________, who are people who move from place to place in search of food.

nomads

Nomads were skilled _______________.

hunters

Which large mammal did the nomads follow?

The wooly mammoth

The early peoples eventually spread out across the ______________, going as far as the Atlantic Ocean and as far south as the tip of South America.

Americas

The large _____________ had disappeared, which caused Native Americans to hunt smaller game and eat plants and berries instead.

mammals

As Native Americans settled, they began to find new food sources and plant/raised crops such as _____________, which is an early form of corn.

maize

As Native Americans settled, the settlers formed villages and _________________. Some still remained as nomadic hunters.

communities.

In order for the early Americans to stay in a permanent place/communities, a dependable ________ was needed.

food supply

Native Americans lived in a variety of _______________.

environments

Groups of Native Americans survived in their environments by _______________ or changing their style of living.

adapting

Early Americans eventually developed their own _________________, or ways of life.

cultures

___________ is the study of ancient peoples.

Archaeology

__________________ are objects left behind by early people which are used by archaeologists to recreate a picture of the past.

Artifacts

A scientific method used to determine the rough age of an artifact by measuring the amount of radioactive carbon that remains in something that was once alive is called ____________ ____________.

carbon dating

Which two Native American tribes lived in New York State in the late 1400s?

The Algonquins and the Iroquois

The _____________ people populated the New York City area and belonged to the Algonquin group.

Lenape

The people of the Eastern Woodlands hunted animals such as deer and moose, and they were skilled _______________.

fisherman

What did the natives do with the skins of the animals they hunted like beer, deer, moose, and beaver?

They used the skins and furs for clothing.

Iroquois boys weren't allowed to hunt with the men until they caught an ______________ of their own.

animal

The three staple crops of _____________, _____________, and _________________ are known as The Three Sisters.

corn, beans, and squash

Like other Native Americans, the woodland Natives felt a __________ connection to the animals, trees, and other resources around them.

deep

What is the name of the housing the Algonquin/Lenape used and made?

Wigwams

Which Native American tribe was known as the Haudenosaunee or "People of the Longhouse?" They lived in present-day northern New York State and Canada.

The Iroquois

The five __________ nations frequently fought with each other

Iroquois

A(n) ___________ is a union between nations for assistance and protection.

alliance

The Iroquois lived in _____________, which were about 150 feet long and 20 feet wide. They were made from young trees (saplings) sided with bark. Many families lived in a single longhouse {around 60 people}.

longhouses

The Iroquois were a _________________ society, or a society that is run by women. They owned all property in the longhouse.

matriarchal

The Iroquois women were in charge of _______________, which included planting and harvesting crops.

farming

Iroquois men moved into the homes of his _____________ family.

wife's

Who chose the sachems, or tribal chiefs in the Iroquois? The men or women?

women

The Iroquois government was a council of ___________ members who were chosen by the women and made decisions for the League.

50

Each nation in the Iroquois government had one vote and ________ of the nations had to agree before any action could be taken.

all

The Iroquois' Constitution called the ________ ________ of _________ guaranteed rights of expression and religions that were later included in the US Constitution.

Great Law of Peace

A ______________ belt was often made from polished seashells and often told a story (i.e. marriage, death of someone, peace treaty, etc).

wampum

There are about 50,000 Iroquois today and many live on __________________, which is land set aside by the United States for Native Americans.

reservations

The Six Nations Iroquois Confederacy, also known as _______________ , meaning “peoples of the longhouse,”

Haudenosaunee

The sport of ___________ was first played and invented by the Iroquois.

lacrosse