Transport systems in plants (B2.2)

What is the main function of transport systems in plants?

To transport water, nutrients, and sugars to various parts of the plant.

What are the two main transport systems in plants?

Xylem and phloem.

What does xylem transport?

Water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves.

What does phloem transport?

Sugars produced during photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

What role do root hairs play in plant transport?

Root hairs increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals.

How is water absorbed by plant roots?

Through osmosis in the root hairs.

What is transpiration?

The process of water vapor loss from plant leaves through stomata.

What are stomata?

Tiny openings on the surface of leaves that regulate gas exchange and water loss.

What factors affect the rate of transpiration?

Temperature, humidity, wind speed, and light intensity.

Why is the structure of xylem important for its function?

Xylem vessels are hollow and have thick walls to withstand pressure and facilitate water flow.

What is active transport in plants?

The energy-requiring process that moves substances against their concentration gradient, such as mineral uptake by roots.

How do plants adapt to transport in dry environments?

They may have deeper roots, smaller leaves, or waxy surfaces to retain water.

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and transport systems in plants?

Photosynthesis produces sugars in leaves, which are then transported via phloem to support growth.