MASLOW

Maslow was one of the first theorists to emphasize

B. self-actualization.

If Maslow is one of the fathers of the third force in psychology, then the first two forces are

D. behaviorism and psychoanalysis.

Maslow criticized both psychoanalysis and behaviorism for their

D. limited view of humanity.

As a college student, Maslow experienced which fortuitous event that changed his life?

A. He kissed his first cousin Bertha Goodman.

As a child, Maslow

A. felt ugly, inferior, and depressed.

Maslow's feelings toward his mother were marked by

A. hatred and animosity.

As a student at Wisconsin, Maslow worked closely with

C. Harry Harlow.

The destruction wrought by World War II moved Maslow to devote his life to the study of the

A. best in human beings.

Maslow adopted the ______ approach to motivation.

E. holistic

Maslow assumed that

A. motivation is usually complex.

B. people are continually motivated by one need or another.

C. people in different cultures are motivated by the same basic needs or desires.

D. All the above are correct.

D. All the above are correct.

Which of the following is NOT an assumption underlying Maslow's theory of motivation?

C. People in different cultures have different basic needs.

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs concept,

A. lower level needs have prepotency over higher level needs.

The most basic needs in Maslow's hierarchy are

C. physiological needs.

According to Maslow, a woman whose physiological needs are inadequately satisfied will be motivated to

A. satisfy physiological needs.

Maslow held that physiological needs differ from other needs in that they

A. can be completely satisfied.

B. can be overly satisfied.

C. have a recurring nature.

D. All the above are correct.

D. All the above are correct

Maslow claimed that safety needs are most likely to be strong motivators for

B. children.

Maslow classified the needs for law, order, and structure as ______ needs.

B. safety

Maslow claimed that safety needs differ from physiological needs in that they

C. cannot be overly satiated.

According to Maslow, an individual's inability to satisfy safety needs results in

B. basic anxiety.

Maslow claimed that love and belongingness needs are strongest in people who have

B. partially experienced love and belongingness.

Maslow contended that people who have never received love

E. may eventually devalue it.

According to Maslow, when people's esteem needs are relatively well satisfied, they will

A. become motivated by physiological needs.

B. automatically become motivated by self-actualization needs.

C. become motivated by B-love.

D. seek a D-love relationship with at least one other person.

E. None of the above is correct.

E. None of the above is correct

Maslow included the needs for self-respect, confidence, competence, and the respect of others as

C. esteem needs.

Maslow claimed that when people who have satisfied their esteem needs are criticized or deprecated by others

E. they retain their sense of self-worth.

Maslow found that self-actualization needs become potent when

B. B-values are embraced.

The needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs are ______ needs.

B. conative

According to Maslow, which of the following is a characteristic of self-actualizing people?

-

According to Maslow, a person surrounded by beauty and order would ordinarily satisfy

B. aesthetic needs.

Maslow said that when cognitive needs are not satisfied, a person will become

C. pathological.

In Maslow's theory of needs, people become neurotic

C. regardless of whether they satisfy their neurotic needs.

According to Maslow, neurotic needs

B. cannot be fully satiated.

Martyrs who sacrifice physical needs and personal safety for their beliefs, and heroes who risk their lives to save others illustrate Maslow's notion of

C. reversed order of needs.

Maslow hypothesized that

A. the order of needs may be reversed in certain cases.

Maslow believed that all behavior

A. has a cause

According to Maslow, __ behavior is usually unlearned, spontaneous, and determined by forces within a person rather than by the environment

A. expressive ?

Maslow classified behavior that is always motivated and that serves the purpose of satisfying a need as ______ behavior.

B. coping

Maslow believed that all behavior

B. has a cause.

According to Maslow, ______ behavior is usually unlearned, spontaneous, and determined by forces within the person rather than by the environment.

A. expressive

According to Maslow, which of the following statements is true of expressive behavior?

-

Expressive behavior differs from coping behavior in that expressive behavior

-

For Maslow, coping behavior is usually

A. learned.

B. conscious.

C. effortful.

D. All the above are correct.

D. All the above are correct.

Maslow believed that metapathology results from

C. deprivation of self-actualization needs.

According to Maslow, instinctoid needs

A. result in pathology when frustrated.

B. are common among all mammals.

C. can be altered through learning.

D. All the above are correct.

E. Only a and c are correct.

E. Only a and c are correct.

If deprivation of a need leads to pathology, then Maslow would say that this need is

C. instinctoid.

According to Maslow, instinctoid needs

D. are often weaker than cultural forces.

Instinctoid needs differ from noninstinctoid needs in that instinctoid needs

?

Maslow believed that esteem and self-actualization needs

A. are instinctoid.

B. are biological.

C. are later on the evolutionary scale than physiological needs.

D. result in pathology when frustrated.

E. All the above are correct.

E. All the above are correct.

According to Maslow, higher level needs differ from lower level needs in that higher level needs

?

According to Maslow, which of the following was a quality possessed by self-actualizing people?

?

For Maslow, B-values

A. are indicators of psychological health.

Metamotivation, according to Maslow,

C. differentiates self-actualizers from non-self-actualizers.

According to Maslow, metamotivation is

D. the motivation of self-actualizing people.

Which of the following statements is true of metamotivation?

?

According to Maslow, the 14 B-values

A. distinguish self-actualizing people from those healthy people who do not reach self-actualization.

B. are so highly interrelated that they probably represent a single factor.

C. will probably become 20 or 25 in number as people become more self-actualizing.

D. a and b

D. a and b

According to Maslow, people who do not embrace the B-values suffer from

A. metapathology.

Maslow suggested that self-actualizers and some neurotic and psychotic individuals may have which of the following characteristics in common?

A. a heightened sense of reality

B. mystical experiences

C. detachment from others

D. All the above are correct.

E. None of the above is correct.

D. All the above are correct.

Which of the following was NOT used by Maslow as a criterion for self-actualization?

B. freedom from personal problems

Maslow listed four criteria for reaching self-actualization, including

C. being motivated by the B-values.

According to Maslow, self-actualizing people are

A. relatively well satisfied in their basic needs.

Maslow believed that self-actualizers

A. frequently engage in wishful thinking.

B. are relatively indifferent to external reality.

C. are poor observers of others.

D. have little tolerance for ambiguity.

E. None of the above is correct.

E. None of the above is correct.

According to Maslow, which of the following statements is true of self-actualizers in comparison with non-self-actualizers in the context of their perception of reality?

?

Maslow believed that self-actualizers

C. are not burdened by undue anxiety or shame.

According to Maslow, self-actualizing people are characterized by

B. spontaneity, simplicity, and naturalness.

In Maslow's theory, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of self-actualizing people?

B. people-centered rather than problem-centered

In the context of the characteristics of self-actualizers, which of the following statements is true of them in comparison with non-self-actualizers with regard to their acceptance of self?

-

Which of the following is a characteristic of self-actualizing people?

-

In the context of the characteristics of self-actualizers, which of the following statements is true of their need for privacy in comparison with non-self-actualizers?

=

Maslow would say that the autonomy of self-actualizers is seen in their

C. indifference to criticism or flattery.

Maslow held that a self-actualizing person is likely to

A. feel comfortable when alone.

During Maslow's study of self-actualizers, he made the unexpected discovery that many of his people had had ___ that were mystical in nature and that somehow gave them a feeling of transcendence.

C ?

For Maslow, the peak experience

C. may occur at unexpected, ordinary moments.

According to Maslow, which of the following statements is true of peak experiences?

B. People having a peak experience see the whole universe as unified or all in one piece ?

Maslow found that self-actualizing people

C. are more likely than other people to have peak experiences.

Self-actualizers' identification with humanity and genuine interest in helping others reflects their

C. social interest.

In the context of the characteristics of self-actualizing people, which of the following statements is true of them with regard to interpersonal relations?

A. limited but intense close friendships.

Maslow believed that time and space disorientation, a decrease in self and ego-consciousness, and the transcendence of everyday polarities frequently occur during

B. peak experiences.

Maslow believed that self-actualizers are relatively unaware of superficial differences among people of different ages, genders, or social classes. This lack of awareness reflects their

E. democratic character structure.

According to Maslow, the humor of self-actualizers is

A. intrinsic to the situation.

Maslow claimed that self-actualizers' ability to detach from their surroundings and to transcend any particular society is characteristic of their

A. resistance to enculturation.

For Maslow, B-love is

B. unmotivated, expressive behavior.

In Maslow's terminology, D-love is _____ love.

D. deficiency

Which of these items on the Personal Orientation Inventory is most likely to be endorsed by a self actualizing person

B. "My moral values are self-determined".

Several studies have found that when people were instructed to "fake good" or "make a favorable impression" when filling out the Personal Orientation Inventory they scored

B. in the direction away from self-actualization.

Maslow's Jonah complex is characterized by

A. the fear of being one's best.

According to Maslow, the Jonah complex is characterized by

-

Maslow suggested that people tend to avoid growth and self-fulfillment due to

A. physical limitations of the body.

B. the necessity for humility.

C. the Jonah complex.

D. All the above are correct.

D. All the above are correct.

According to Maslow, most people who seek therapy probably have the most trouble satisfying their _______ needs.

B. love and belongingness

Maslow believed that the impulse toward growth and self-actualization

C. is a natural characteristic of humans.

Maslow contended that scientists should ______ science.

B. resacralize

The term ______ refers to the rejection of traditional psychology that has resulted in a model of humanity as lacking the potential to move beyond pathology.

A. positive psychology

In general, studies using the POI and the Short Index of the POI have found that self-actualizing people usually

A. resist or reject socially desirable cultural standards

Maslow's methods of investigation and approach to studying self-actualizing people

B. are subject to severe criticism.

Research linking age with levels of psychological health suggest:

B. older adults measured higher in ego-development and well being than younger people due to intrinsic life goals.

In his concept of humanity, Maslow insisted that people

B. have the basic potential for improvement and growth.