Exploring Data [The Practice of Statistics- Chapter 1]

interquartile range

interquartile range

In addition to serving as a measure of spread, the ________ (IQR) is used in the 1.5 x IQR rule for identifying outliers.

SOCS

________ is the acronym to remember how to describe the patternDescribing Shape.

Individuals

________ may be people, animals, or things.

Conclude

________: Give your conclusion in the setting of the real- world problem.

Q3

IQR= ________- Q1Identifying outliers.

standard deviation

Because the mean and ________ are sensitive to extreme observations, they can be misleading when a distribution is strongly skewed or has outliers.

Stemplots

________ give a quick picture of the shape of a distribution while also including the actual numerical data.

median

The ________ is the midpoint of a distribution, the number such that about half the observations are smaller and about half are larger.

Inference

________ is the idea of drawing conclusions that go beyond the data at hand.

histogram

A(n) ________ is a graph that shows counts of certain classes.Using ________ Wisely.

main features

When describing the shape of a distribution, focus on the ________ such as major peaks, clusters and gaps, potential outliers, and rough symmetry and clear skewness.

Marginal distributions

________ tell us nothing about the relationship between two variables.

Quantitative variables

________ may take values that are very close together or values that are spread out.

Outliers

________ are marked with a special symbol such as an asterisk*) (Measuring Spread: The Standard Deviation.

quartileThe Five Number Summary

An observation is an outlier if it falls more than 1.5 x IQR above the third quartile or below the first ________ and Boxplots.

clear peaks

A graph with two ________ is bimodal and with more than that, its multimodal.Comparing Distributions.

Categorical Variables

There are two sets of conditional distributions for any two- way table: one for the column variable and one for the row variable.Putting It All Together: Relationships Between ________.

quartile Q1

The first ________ is the median of the observations that are to the left of the median in the ordered list.

third quartile Q3

The ________ is the median of the observations that are to the right of the median in the ordered list.

standard deviation Sx

The ________ measures the typical distance of the values in a distribution from the mean.

Individuals

________ are the objects described by a set of data.

Interquartile Range

The mean uses the actual value of each observation and will chase a single large observation upward.Measuring Spread: Range and ________ (IQR)

median

The ________, unlike the mean, is a resistant measure of center.

standard deviation

The ________ and the variance measure spread by looking at how far the observations are from their mean.