Pharmacology ch 8+16

what is the cornea?

the transparent anterior portion of the eye.

what is the sclera

a non-transparent layer and is the white of the eye.

what is the iris?

the part of the eye that gives the eye its color

what is the aqueous humor

a clear, watery fluid that nourishes the parts of the eye.

what do optic nerves do?

carry information from the eye to the brain

what is the vitreous humor?

soft jelly-like substance that fills spaces in the eye to keep the eye from sinking.

what is conjunctiva?

the mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and sclera.

what is another word for farsighted

presbyopia

what is glaucoma?

eye disorder caused by increase in pressure.

what happens if glaucoma goes untreated or unnoticed?

it can lead to blindness

what is diplopia

double vision

what are the 3 types of glaucoma

primary, secondary, and congenital

either narrow angle or wide angle

primary glaucoma

how is wide-angle glaucoma controlled?

permanent drug therapy

how is narrow angle glaucoma controlled?

drugs

what is secondary glaucoma caused by?

a previous eye disease or removal of a cataract

how is congenital glaucoma treated?

surgery

what drug therapy is typically used for treating glaucoma?

miotics

what is a cataract?

opacity that appears over the lens of 1 or both eyes.

what percent of people 65+ suffer from cataracts?

50%

treatment for cataracts?

mydriatics or surgery

what is conjunctivitis?

inflammation of the conjunctiva

what is the term for conjunctivitis?

pink eye

what is blepharitis?

a bacterial infection on the eyelid

what is hordeolum?

infection of sebaceous gland which causes a cyst.

what is another term for hordeolum?

a sty

what is photophobia?

extreme light sensitivity

what is Tobrex?

antibiotic ointment used to treat eye infections.

what are miotics?

drugs that constrict the pupil

what are the 2 types of miotics?

direct acting and longer acting

what are direct acting miotics?

used in narrow angle glaucoma and are the first option

what are longer acting miotics?

they work over a long period of time but may turn toxic to the eyes

what are mydriatics?

drugs that dilate the pupils.

what is the term for cerumen?

ear wax

term for ear ringing

tinnitus

term for the inability to hear high-pitch noises

presbycusis

what are eustachian tubes?

tubes that connect the middle ear to the nasopharynx

what is the primary organ of the ear?

cochlea

what does betaxolol treat?

glaucoma

what does acetazolamide treat?

glaucoma

what does ofloxacin treat?

infections of the ear.

what is gout?

an infection caused by an excess of uric acid in the bloodstream

what foods should you avoid when you have gout?

red meats

what is a factor of osteoporosis?

lack of estrogen

what medication helps with the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis

methotrexate

what is myalgia

aches and pain of the muscles

what are ligaments?

connects bones to other bones

what is a joint

place where 2 bones come together

what does colchicine help?

gout symptoms

what are the medications ecotrin and soma used for?

pain

what does boniva help

osteoporosis