AP hug Vocab 2.10-2.12

Ravenstein's Laws of Migration

A set of 11 "laws" that can be organized into three groups: the reasons why migrants move, the distance they typically move, and their characteristics.

Migration

movement of people from one place to another

push factors

a factor that causes people to leave their homelands and migrate to another region

pull factors

A factor that draws or attracts people to another location

Intervening Opportunities

a environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration.

intervening obstacles

barriers that make reaching their desired destination more difficult

Forced migration

Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate.

slavery

the ownership of human beings as property.

refugees

people who are being forced to leave their traditional lands due to persecution or material hardship within their society.

internally displaced persons

People who have been displaced within their own countries and do not cross international borders as they flee.

asylum seekers

Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee

voluntary migration

Permanent movement undertaken by choice.

transnational migration

regular movement of a person between two or more countries resulting in a new cultural identity

transhumance

The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures.

internal migration

Permanent movement within a particular country.

chain migration

migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there

step migration

Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, e.g: from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city

guest worker

a foreign laborer living and working temporarily in another country

rural-to-urban migration

the movement of people from the countryside to the city

family reunification

happens when immigrants bring family members to the country they live in

Brain Drain

the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries

xenophobia

fear of foreigners