Bio Final

________ is the study of living things.

Biology

Which statement about biological literacy is true?

Biological literacy is the ability to integrate ideas about biology into making wise decisions for oneself

Thinking scientifically relies on:

objective observation and experimentation

In the laboratory, you see a fuzzy growth on some of the gels in your incubator. What is the name given to this step of the scientific method?

observation

The purpose of the experimentation phase of the scientific method is to:

gather evidence to support or reject a hypothesis.

If you conduct an experiment that rejects your hypothesis, then:

the null hypothesis was a better fit to your data.

What type of evidence most increases our confidence in experimental results?

Three different scientists do three different studies, all with the same result.

Which statement best explains the observation that more autism cases exist now than in the past?

Doctors are more aware of the condition and have better techniques for diagnosing and reporting it.

Which of the following does not meet all the characteristics to be categorized as alive but is classified as alive by some biologists?

viruses

If your hypothesis is “Hair that is shaved grows back coarser and darker,” what is your null hypothesis?

There is no difference in the coarseness or color of hair that is shaved relative to hair that is not shaved.

A relationship that has been established based on a large amount of observational and experimental data is a(n):

theory.

An experiment was designed to determine the effect of temperature on the growth rate of phasmids—insects more commonly known as “walking sticks.” Fifty walking sticks were grown in four different incubators, set at variable temperatures for two weeks. Which component of the experiment is the response variable (dependent variable)?

growth of walking sticks

Viruses contain genetic material, and they can evolve over time. However, they also must use the machinery of the cells they invade to reproduce and do not carry out any metabolic processes on their own. Based on this description, should viruses be classified as “living?”

No. Viruses cannot reproduce or conduct metabolic functions on their own.

A scientist discovers a new entity. Based on what you know about the characteristics of living organisms, which of the following might lead you to conclude that the entity is not a living organism?

It is unable to reproduce without a host organism.

The number of protons in an element, also called its ____________, identifies the element.

atomic number

How an atom bonds with other atoms is chiefly determined by its:

nuclear charge.

Identify the statement below that correctly describes hydrogen bonds.

an attraction between a slightly positive atom of one molecule and a slightly negative atom of another molecule

Which phenomenon is most likely due to the high specific heat capacity of water?

The temperature of the Santa Monica Bay, off the coast of Los Angeles, fluctuates less than the air temperature throughout the year.

The tendency of molecules to stick together, called cohesion, is stronger in water than other liquids because the polarity of water allows a(n):

hydrogen atom from one water molecule to form a hydrogen bond with the oxygen atom of another water molecule.

The “Big 4” elements in living organisms are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and:

nitrogen.

Which subatomic particles have no charge?

neutrons

Which aspect of carbon makes it particularly suited to forming molecular bonds?

Carbon's outermost shell is filled to capacity, making it more stable and likely to bond.

What simple carbohydrate is used by organisms as a source of quick energy?

glucose

Which of these is not considered to be a macromolecule?

vitamins

In terms of structural materials, _______ is to plants as _______ is to lobsters and crabs.

cellulose; chitin